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Comparative toxicity of the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate to two freshwater algae.
Aquat Toxicol. 2017 Oct; 191:122-130.AT

Abstract

Phthalate esters (PAEs), a family of emerging environmental contaminants, have been frequently detected in soils and water. However, intensive studies on the toxicity of PAEs have focused on growth response of terrestrial and aquatic animals, while only limited attention has been paid to aquatic plants, especially phytoplankton, the primary producer in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the acute toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) at different concentrations (0-20mgL-1) on two typical freshwater algae (Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella pyrenoidosa) were investigated. The growth of S. obliquus and C. pyrenoidosa was conspicuously inhibited by DBP exposure at 2-20mgL-1. The 96-h median effective concentration values (96h-EC50) were 15.3mgL-1 and 3.14mgL-1 for S. obliquus and C. pyrenoidosa, respectively, implying that the spherical C. pyrenoidosa is more sensitive to DBP than the spindle-shaped S. obliquus. As expected from the damage done to cell organelles (i.e. cell membranes, chloroplasts, and protein rings), cell densities and chlorophyll content conspicuously decreased under DBP treatments. Moreover, the algal growth inhibition was closely linked to the increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde content, indicating oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in both algae. This was proved by the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Our findings will contribute to the understanding of toxic mechanisms in PAEs and the evaluation of environmental risks for primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Gu S
Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Zheng H
Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China. Electronic address: zhenghao2013@ouc.edu.cn.
Xu Q
Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Sun C
Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Shi M
Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Wang Z
Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Li F
Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China. Electronic address: lifengmin@ouc.edu.zn.

MeSH

AntioxidantsCatalaseCell MembraneChlorellaChlorophyllChloroplastsDibutyl PhthalateLipid PeroxidationMalondialdehydeMicroscopy, ElectronOxidative StressPlasticizersReactive Oxygen SpeciesScenedesmusSuperoxide DismutaseWater Pollutants, Chemical

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28822891

Citation

Gu, Shurui, et al. "Comparative Toxicity of the Plasticizer Dibutyl Phthalate to Two Freshwater Algae." Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), vol. 191, 2017, pp. 122-130.
Gu S, Zheng H, Xu Q, et al. Comparative toxicity of the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate to two freshwater algae. Aquat Toxicol. 2017;191:122-130.
Gu, S., Zheng, H., Xu, Q., Sun, C., Shi, M., Wang, Z., & Li, F. (2017). Comparative toxicity of the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate to two freshwater algae. Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 191, 122-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.08.007
Gu S, et al. Comparative Toxicity of the Plasticizer Dibutyl Phthalate to Two Freshwater Algae. Aquat Toxicol. 2017;191:122-130. PubMed PMID: 28822891.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative toxicity of the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate to two freshwater algae. AU - Gu,Shurui, AU - Zheng,Hao, AU - Xu,Qingqing, AU - Sun,Cuizhu, AU - Shi,Mei, AU - Wang,Zhenyu, AU - Li,Fengmin, Y1 - 2017/08/12/ PY - 2017/06/30/received PY - 2017/08/05/revised PY - 2017/08/08/accepted PY - 2017/8/22/pubmed PY - 2017/12/27/medline PY - 2017/8/21/entrez KW - Aquatic ecosystem KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - Oxidative stress KW - Phthalate esters KW - Primary producer SP - 122 EP - 130 JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) JO - Aquat Toxicol VL - 191 N2 - Phthalate esters (PAEs), a family of emerging environmental contaminants, have been frequently detected in soils and water. However, intensive studies on the toxicity of PAEs have focused on growth response of terrestrial and aquatic animals, while only limited attention has been paid to aquatic plants, especially phytoplankton, the primary producer in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the acute toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) at different concentrations (0-20mgL-1) on two typical freshwater algae (Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella pyrenoidosa) were investigated. The growth of S. obliquus and C. pyrenoidosa was conspicuously inhibited by DBP exposure at 2-20mgL-1. The 96-h median effective concentration values (96h-EC50) were 15.3mgL-1 and 3.14mgL-1 for S. obliquus and C. pyrenoidosa, respectively, implying that the spherical C. pyrenoidosa is more sensitive to DBP than the spindle-shaped S. obliquus. As expected from the damage done to cell organelles (i.e. cell membranes, chloroplasts, and protein rings), cell densities and chlorophyll content conspicuously decreased under DBP treatments. Moreover, the algal growth inhibition was closely linked to the increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde content, indicating oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in both algae. This was proved by the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Our findings will contribute to the understanding of toxic mechanisms in PAEs and the evaluation of environmental risks for primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. SN - 1879-1514 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28822891/Comparative_toxicity_of_the_plasticizer_dibutyl_phthalate_to_two_freshwater_algae_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166-445X(17)30229-1 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -