TY - JOUR T1 - A metacognitive illusion in monkeys. AU - Ferrigno,Stephen, AU - Kornell,Nate, AU - Cantlon,Jessica F, PY - 2017/07/10/received PY - 2017/07/31/accepted PY - 2017/9/8/entrez PY - 2017/9/8/pubmed PY - 2018/2/7/medline KW - comparative cognition KW - metacognition KW - primates KW - uncertainty monitoring JF - Proceedings. Biological sciences JO - Proc Biol Sci VL - 284 IS - 1862 N2 - Like humans, monkeys can make accurate judgements about their own memory by reporting their confidence during cognitive tasks. Some have suggested that animals use associative learning to make accurate confidence judgements, while others have suggested animals directly access and estimate the strength of their memories. Here we test a third, non-exclusive possibility: perhaps monkeys, like humans, base metacognitive inferences on heuristic cues. Humans are known to use cues like perceptual fluency (e.g. how easy something is to see) when making metacognitive judgements. We tested monkeys using a match-to-sample task in which the perceptual fluency of the stimuli was manipulated. The monkeys made confidence wagers on their accuracy before or after each trial. We found that monkeys' wagers were affected by perceptual fluency even when their accuracy was not. This is novel evidence that animals are susceptible to metacognitive illusions similar to those experienced by humans. SN - 1471-2954 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28878068/A_metacognitive_illusion_in_monkeys_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -