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Knowledge, opinions and compliance related to the 100% smoke-free law in hospitality venues in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional results from the KOMPLY Project.
BMJ Open. 2018 01 05; 8(1):e017601.BO

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated knowledge, opinions and compliance related to Uganda's comprehensive smoke-free law among hospitality venues in Kampala Uganda.

DESIGN

This multi-method study presents cross-sectional findings of the extent of compliance in the early phase of Uganda's comprehensive smoke-free law (2 months postimplementation; pre-enforcement).

SETTING

Bars, pubs and restaurants in Kampala Uganda.

PROCEDURE AND PARTICIPANTS

A two-stage stratified cluster sampling procedure was used to select hospitality sites stratified by all five divisions in Kampala. A total of 222 establishments were selected for the study. One hospitality representative from each of the visited sites agreed to take part in a face-to-face administered questionnaire. A subsample of hospitality venues were randomly selected for tobacco air quality testing (n=108). Data were collected between June and August 2016.

OUTCOME MEASURES

Knowledge and opinions of the smoke-free law among hospitality venue staff and owners. The level of compliance with the smoke-free law in hospitality venues through: (1) systematic objective observations (eg, active smoking, the presence of designated smoking areas, 'no smoking' signage) and (2) air quality by measuring the levels of tobacco particulate matter (PM2.5) in both indoor and outdoor venues.

RESULTS

Active smoking was observed in 18% of venues, 31% had visible 'no smoking' signage and 47% had visible cigarette remains. Among interviewed respondents, 57% agreed that they had not been adequately informed about the smoke-free law; however, 90% were supportive of the ban. Nearly all respondents (97%) agreed that the law will protect workers' health, but 32% believed that the law would cause financial losses at their establishment. Indoor PM2.5 levels were hazardous (267.6 µg/m3) in venues that allowed smoking and moderate (29.6 µg/m3) in smoke-free establishments.

CONCLUSIONS

In the early phase of Uganda's smoke-free law, the level of compliance in hospitality venues settings in Kampala was suboptimal. Civil society and the media have strong potential to inform and educate the hospitality industry and smokers of the benefits and requirements of the smoke-free law.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Gravely S
International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation (ITC)Project , Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Nyamurungi KN
Center for Tobacco Control in Africa (CTCA), Kampala, Uganda.
Kabwama SN
School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Okello G
Respiratory Group, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Robertson L
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Heng KKC
World Health Organization, Beijing, China.
Ndikum AE
Association for the Promotion of Youth Leadership, Advocacy and Volunteerism (APYLAV), Yaounde, Cameroon.
Oginni AS
Nigerian Heart Foundation, Osogbo, Nigeria.
Rusatira JC
Healthy People Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Kakoulides S
Icahn School of Medicine, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA.
Huffman MD
Department of Preventive Medicine and Medicine-Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.
Yusuf S
Department of Medicine and Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Bianco E
Centro de Investigación para la Epidemia del Tabaquismo, Montevideo, Uruguay.

MeSH

Air Pollution, IndoorAwarenessChecklistCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGuideline AdherenceHumansMalePublic HealthRestaurantsSmoke-Free PolicySmokingSports and Recreational FacilitiesTobacco Smoke PollutionUganda

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Observational Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

29306880

Citation

Gravely, Shannon, et al. "Knowledge, Opinions and Compliance Related to the 100% Smoke-free Law in Hospitality Venues in Kampala, Uganda: Cross-sectional Results From the KOMPLY Project." BMJ Open, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. e017601.
Gravely S, Nyamurungi KN, Kabwama SN, et al. Knowledge, opinions and compliance related to the 100% smoke-free law in hospitality venues in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional results from the KOMPLY Project. BMJ Open. 2018;8(1):e017601.
Gravely, S., Nyamurungi, K. N., Kabwama, S. N., Okello, G., Robertson, L., Heng, K. K. C., Ndikum, A. E., Oginni, A. S., Rusatira, J. C., Kakoulides, S., Huffman, M. D., Yusuf, S., & Bianco, E. (2018). Knowledge, opinions and compliance related to the 100% smoke-free law in hospitality venues in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional results from the KOMPLY Project. BMJ Open, 8(1), e017601. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017601
Gravely S, et al. Knowledge, Opinions and Compliance Related to the 100% Smoke-free Law in Hospitality Venues in Kampala, Uganda: Cross-sectional Results From the KOMPLY Project. BMJ Open. 2018 01 5;8(1):e017601. PubMed PMID: 29306880.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Knowledge, opinions and compliance related to the 100% smoke-free law in hospitality venues in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional results from the KOMPLY Project. AU - Gravely,Shannon, AU - Nyamurungi,Kellen Namusisi, AU - Kabwama,Steven Ndugwa, AU - Okello,Gabriel, AU - Robertson,Lindsay, AU - Heng,Kelvin Khow Chuan, AU - Ndikum,Achiri Elvis, AU - Oginni,Adeniyi Samuel, AU - Rusatira,Jean Christophe, AU - Kakoulides,Socrates, AU - Huffman,Mark D, AU - Yusuf,Salim, AU - Bianco,Eduardo, Y1 - 2018/01/05/ PY - 2018/1/8/entrez PY - 2018/1/8/pubmed PY - 2018/9/19/medline KW - enforcement KW - policy KW - secondhand/environmental exposure KW - smoking KW - tobacco control SP - e017601 EP - e017601 JF - BMJ open JO - BMJ Open VL - 8 IS - 1 N2 - OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated knowledge, opinions and compliance related to Uganda's comprehensive smoke-free law among hospitality venues in Kampala Uganda. DESIGN: This multi-method study presents cross-sectional findings of the extent of compliance in the early phase of Uganda's comprehensive smoke-free law (2 months postimplementation; pre-enforcement). SETTING: Bars, pubs and restaurants in Kampala Uganda. PROCEDURE AND PARTICIPANTS: A two-stage stratified cluster sampling procedure was used to select hospitality sites stratified by all five divisions in Kampala. A total of 222 establishments were selected for the study. One hospitality representative from each of the visited sites agreed to take part in a face-to-face administered questionnaire. A subsample of hospitality venues were randomly selected for tobacco air quality testing (n=108). Data were collected between June and August 2016. OUTCOME MEASURES: Knowledge and opinions of the smoke-free law among hospitality venue staff and owners. The level of compliance with the smoke-free law in hospitality venues through: (1) systematic objective observations (eg, active smoking, the presence of designated smoking areas, 'no smoking' signage) and (2) air quality by measuring the levels of tobacco particulate matter (PM2.5) in both indoor and outdoor venues. RESULTS: Active smoking was observed in 18% of venues, 31% had visible 'no smoking' signage and 47% had visible cigarette remains. Among interviewed respondents, 57% agreed that they had not been adequately informed about the smoke-free law; however, 90% were supportive of the ban. Nearly all respondents (97%) agreed that the law will protect workers' health, but 32% believed that the law would cause financial losses at their establishment. Indoor PM2.5 levels were hazardous (267.6 µg/m3) in venues that allowed smoking and moderate (29.6 µg/m3) in smoke-free establishments. CONCLUSIONS: In the early phase of Uganda's smoke-free law, the level of compliance in hospitality venues settings in Kampala was suboptimal. Civil society and the media have strong potential to inform and educate the hospitality industry and smokers of the benefits and requirements of the smoke-free law. SN - 2044-6055 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/29306880/Knowledge_opinions_and_compliance_related_to_the_100_smoke_free_law_in_hospitality_venues_in_Kampala_Uganda:_cross_sectional_results_from_the_KOMPLY_Project_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -