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Longitudinal study of age-specific pattern of coronavirus infection in Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei) in Thailand.
Virol J. 2018 02 20; 15(1):38.VJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Bats are natural reservoirs for several highly pathogenic and novel viruses including coronaviruses (CoVs) (mainly Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus). Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei)'s roosts and foraging sites are usually in the proximity to humans and animals. Knowledge about age-specific pattern of CoV infection in P. lylei, prevalence, and viral shedding at roosts and foraging sites may have an impact on infection-age-structure model to control CoV outbreak.

METHODS

P. lylei bats were captured monthly during January-December 2012 for detection of CoV at three areas in Chonburi province; two human dwellings, S1 and S2, where few fruit trees were located with an open pig farm, 0.6 km and 5.5 km away from the bat roost, S3. Nested RT-PCR of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene from rectal swabs was used for CoV detection. The strain of CoV was confirmed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

RESULTS

CoV infection was found in both juveniles and adult bats between May and October (January, in adults only and April, in juveniles only). Of total rectal swab positives (68/367, 18.5%), ratio was higher in bats captured at S1 (11/44, 25.0%) and S2 (35/99, 35.4%) foraging sites than at roost (S3) (22/224, 9.8%). Juveniles (forearm length ≤ 136 mm) were found with more CoV infection than adults at all three sites; S1 (9/24, 37.5% vs 2/20, 10%), S2 (22/49, 44.9% vs 13/50, 26.0%), and S3 (10/30, 33.3% vs 12/194, 6.2%). The average BCI of CoV infected bats was significantly lower than uninfected bats. No gender difference related to infection was found at the sites. Phylogenetic analysis of conserved RdRp gene revealed that the detected CoVs belonged to group D betacoronavirus (n = 64) and alphacoronavirus (n = 4).

CONCLUSIONS

The fact that CoV infection and shedding was found in more juvenile than adult bats may suggest transmission from mother during peripartum period. Whether viral reactivation during parturition period or stress is responsible in maintaining transmission in the bat colony needs to be explored.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Wacharapluesadee S
Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases - Health Science Centre, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training on Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. spwa@hotmail.com.
Duengkae P
Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chaiyes A
Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Kaewpom T
Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases - Health Science Centre, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training on Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Rodpan A
Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases - Health Science Centre, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training on Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Yingsakmongkon S
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Petcharat S
Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases - Health Science Centre, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training on Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Phengsakul P
Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Maneeorn P
Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Bangkok, Thailand.
Hemachudha T
Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases - Health Science Centre, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training on Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

MeSH

Age FactorsAnimal DiseasesAnimalsChiropteraCoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsFemaleGenome, ViralLongitudinal StudiesMalePhylogenyPrevalenceRNA, ViralThailandVirus Shedding

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

29463282

Citation

Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn, et al. "Longitudinal Study of Age-specific Pattern of Coronavirus Infection in Lyle's Flying Fox (Pteropus Lylei) in Thailand." Virology Journal, vol. 15, no. 1, 2018, p. 38.
Wacharapluesadee S, Duengkae P, Chaiyes A, et al. Longitudinal study of age-specific pattern of coronavirus infection in Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei) in Thailand. Virol J. 2018;15(1):38.
Wacharapluesadee, S., Duengkae, P., Chaiyes, A., Kaewpom, T., Rodpan, A., Yingsakmongkon, S., Petcharat, S., Phengsakul, P., Maneeorn, P., & Hemachudha, T. (2018). Longitudinal study of age-specific pattern of coronavirus infection in Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei) in Thailand. Virology Journal, 15(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-018-0950-6
Wacharapluesadee S, et al. Longitudinal Study of Age-specific Pattern of Coronavirus Infection in Lyle's Flying Fox (Pteropus Lylei) in Thailand. Virol J. 2018 02 20;15(1):38. PubMed PMID: 29463282.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Longitudinal study of age-specific pattern of coronavirus infection in Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei) in Thailand. AU - Wacharapluesadee,Supaporn, AU - Duengkae,Prateep, AU - Chaiyes,Aingorn, AU - Kaewpom,Thongchai, AU - Rodpan,Apaporn, AU - Yingsakmongkon,Sangchai, AU - Petcharat,Sininat, AU - Phengsakul,Patcharakiti, AU - Maneeorn,Pattarapol, AU - Hemachudha,Thiravat, Y1 - 2018/02/20/ PY - 2017/11/21/received PY - 2018/02/15/accepted PY - 2018/2/22/entrez PY - 2018/2/22/pubmed PY - 2018/9/19/medline KW - Chiroptera KW - Coronavirus KW - Pteropus KW - Thailand SP - 38 EP - 38 JF - Virology journal JO - Virol J VL - 15 IS - 1 N2 - BACKGROUND: Bats are natural reservoirs for several highly pathogenic and novel viruses including coronaviruses (CoVs) (mainly Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus). Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei)'s roosts and foraging sites are usually in the proximity to humans and animals. Knowledge about age-specific pattern of CoV infection in P. lylei, prevalence, and viral shedding at roosts and foraging sites may have an impact on infection-age-structure model to control CoV outbreak. METHODS: P. lylei bats were captured monthly during January-December 2012 for detection of CoV at three areas in Chonburi province; two human dwellings, S1 and S2, where few fruit trees were located with an open pig farm, 0.6 km and 5.5 km away from the bat roost, S3. Nested RT-PCR of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene from rectal swabs was used for CoV detection. The strain of CoV was confirmed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: CoV infection was found in both juveniles and adult bats between May and October (January, in adults only and April, in juveniles only). Of total rectal swab positives (68/367, 18.5%), ratio was higher in bats captured at S1 (11/44, 25.0%) and S2 (35/99, 35.4%) foraging sites than at roost (S3) (22/224, 9.8%). Juveniles (forearm length ≤ 136 mm) were found with more CoV infection than adults at all three sites; S1 (9/24, 37.5% vs 2/20, 10%), S2 (22/49, 44.9% vs 13/50, 26.0%), and S3 (10/30, 33.3% vs 12/194, 6.2%). The average BCI of CoV infected bats was significantly lower than uninfected bats. No gender difference related to infection was found at the sites. Phylogenetic analysis of conserved RdRp gene revealed that the detected CoVs belonged to group D betacoronavirus (n = 64) and alphacoronavirus (n = 4). CONCLUSIONS: The fact that CoV infection and shedding was found in more juvenile than adult bats may suggest transmission from mother during peripartum period. Whether viral reactivation during parturition period or stress is responsible in maintaining transmission in the bat colony needs to be explored. SN - 1743-422X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/29463282/Longitudinal_study_of_age_specific_pattern_of_coronavirus_infection_in_Lyle's_flying_fox__Pteropus_lylei__in_Thailand_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -