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Hamstring Muscle Use in Women During Hip Extension and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2018 08; 48(8):607-612.JO

Abstract

Background Understanding hamstring muscle activation patterns in resistance training exercises may have implications for the design of strength training and injury prevention programs. Unfortunately, surface electromyography studies have reported conflicting results regarding hamstring muscle activation patterns in women. Objectives To determine the spatial patterns of hamstring muscle activity during the 45° hip extension and Nordic hamstring exercises in women using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which 6 recreationally active women with no history of lower-limb injury underwent fMRI on both thighs before and immediately after 5 sets of 6 bilateral eccentric contractions of the 45° hip extension exercise or the Nordic exercise. Using fMRI, the transverse (T2) relaxation times were measured from pre-exercise and postexercise scans, and the percentage increase in T2 was used as an index of muscle activation. Results The fMRI revealed a significantly higher biceps femoris long head-to-semitendinosus ratio during the 45° hip extension exercise than in the Nordic exercise (P = .028). The T2 increase after the 45° hip extension exercise was greater for the biceps femoris long head (P<.001), semitendinosus, and semimembranosus (P≤.001) than that for the biceps femoris short head. During the Nordic exercise, the T2 increase of the semitendinosus was greater than that of the biceps femoris short head (P<.001) and biceps femoris long head (P = .001). Conclusion While both exercises involve high levels of semitendinosus activation in women, the Nordic exercise preferentially recruits that muscle, while the hip extension exercise more evenly activates all the biarticular hamstrings. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(8):607-612. Epub 23 Apr 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7748.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors

Messer DJ
No affiliation info available
Bourne MN
No affiliation info available
Williams MD
No affiliation info available
Al Najjar A
No affiliation info available
Shield AJ
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHamstring MusclesHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMuscle ContractionResistance TrainingYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

29685059

Citation

Messer, Daniel J., et al. "Hamstring Muscle Use in Women During Hip Extension and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise: a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study." The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, vol. 48, no. 8, 2018, pp. 607-612.
Messer DJ, Bourne MN, Williams MD, et al. Hamstring Muscle Use in Women During Hip Extension and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2018;48(8):607-612.
Messer, D. J., Bourne, M. N., Williams, M. D., Al Najjar, A., & Shield, A. J. (2018). Hamstring Muscle Use in Women During Hip Extension and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 48(8), 607-612. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2018.7748
Messer DJ, et al. Hamstring Muscle Use in Women During Hip Extension and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise: a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2018;48(8):607-612. PubMed PMID: 29685059.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Hamstring Muscle Use in Women During Hip Extension and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. AU - Messer,Daniel J, AU - Bourne,Matthew N, AU - Williams,Morgan D, AU - Al Najjar,Aiman, AU - Shield,Anthony J, Y1 - 2018/04/23/ PY - 2018/4/25/pubmed PY - 2019/10/28/medline PY - 2018/4/25/entrez KW - functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) KW - prevention (injury) KW - strength training SP - 607 EP - 612 JF - The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy JO - J Orthop Sports Phys Ther VL - 48 IS - 8 N2 - Background Understanding hamstring muscle activation patterns in resistance training exercises may have implications for the design of strength training and injury prevention programs. Unfortunately, surface electromyography studies have reported conflicting results regarding hamstring muscle activation patterns in women. Objectives To determine the spatial patterns of hamstring muscle activity during the 45° hip extension and Nordic hamstring exercises in women using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which 6 recreationally active women with no history of lower-limb injury underwent fMRI on both thighs before and immediately after 5 sets of 6 bilateral eccentric contractions of the 45° hip extension exercise or the Nordic exercise. Using fMRI, the transverse (T2) relaxation times were measured from pre-exercise and postexercise scans, and the percentage increase in T2 was used as an index of muscle activation. Results The fMRI revealed a significantly higher biceps femoris long head-to-semitendinosus ratio during the 45° hip extension exercise than in the Nordic exercise (P = .028). The T2 increase after the 45° hip extension exercise was greater for the biceps femoris long head (P<.001), semitendinosus, and semimembranosus (P≤.001) than that for the biceps femoris short head. During the Nordic exercise, the T2 increase of the semitendinosus was greater than that of the biceps femoris short head (P<.001) and biceps femoris long head (P = .001). Conclusion While both exercises involve high levels of semitendinosus activation in women, the Nordic exercise preferentially recruits that muscle, while the hip extension exercise more evenly activates all the biarticular hamstrings. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(8):607-612. Epub 23 Apr 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7748. SN - 1938-1344 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/29685059/Hamstring_Muscle_Use_in_Women_During_Hip_Extension_and_the_Nordic_Hamstring_Exercise:_A_Functional_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging_Study_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -