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Epidemiology and Geographic Distribution of Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, and Coccidioidomycosis, Ontario, Canada, 1990-2015.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 07; 24(7):1257-1266.EI

Abstract

Endemic mycoses represent a growing public health challenge in North America. We describe the epidemiology of 1,392 microbiology laboratory-confirmed cases of blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and coccidioidomycosis in Ontario during 1990-2015. Blastomycosis was the most common infection (1,092 cases; incidence of 0.41 cases/100,000 population), followed by histoplasmosis (211 cases) and coccidioidomycosis (89 cases). Incidence of blastomycosis increased from 1995 to 2001 and has remained elevated, especially in the northwest region, incorporating several localized hotspots where disease incidence (10.9 cases/100,000 population) is 12.6 times greater than in any other region of the province. This retrospective study substantially increases the number of known endemic fungal infections reported in Canada, confirms Ontario as an important region of endemicity for blastomycosis and histoplasmosis, and provides an epidemiologic baseline for future disease surveillance. Clinicians should include blastomycosis and histoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of antibiotic-refractory pneumonia in patients traveling to or residing in Ontario.

Links

Publisher Full Text
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
doi.org
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Authors

Brown EM
No affiliation info available
McTaggart LR
No affiliation info available
Dunn D
No affiliation info available
Pszczolko E
No affiliation info available
Tsui KG
No affiliation info available
Morris SK
No affiliation info available
Stephens D
No affiliation info available
Kus JV
No affiliation info available
Richardson SE
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBlastomycosisCoccidioidomycosisFemaleGeography, MedicalHistoplasmosisHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedOntarioPrevalencePublic Health SurveillanceYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Historical Article
Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

29912691

Citation

Brown, Elizabeth M., et al. "Epidemiology and Geographic Distribution of Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, and Coccidioidomycosis, Ontario, Canada, 1990-2015." Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 24, no. 7, 2018, pp. 1257-1266.
Brown EM, McTaggart LR, Dunn D, et al. Epidemiology and Geographic Distribution of Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, and Coccidioidomycosis, Ontario, Canada, 1990-2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018;24(7):1257-1266.
Brown, E. M., McTaggart, L. R., Dunn, D., Pszczolko, E., Tsui, K. G., Morris, S. K., Stephens, D., Kus, J. V., & Richardson, S. E. (2018). Epidemiology and Geographic Distribution of Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, and Coccidioidomycosis, Ontario, Canada, 1990-2015. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 24(7), 1257-1266. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2407.172063
Brown EM, et al. Epidemiology and Geographic Distribution of Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, and Coccidioidomycosis, Ontario, Canada, 1990-2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018;24(7):1257-1266. PubMed PMID: 29912691.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology and Geographic Distribution of Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, and Coccidioidomycosis, Ontario, Canada, 1990-2015. AU - Brown,Elizabeth M, AU - McTaggart,Lisa R, AU - Dunn,Deirdre, AU - Pszczolko,Elizabeth, AU - Tsui,Kar George, AU - Morris,Shaun K, AU - Stephens,Derek, AU - Kus,Julianne V, AU - Richardson,Susan E, PY - 2018/6/19/entrez PY - 2018/6/19/pubmed PY - 2019/4/2/medline KW - Blastomyces dermatitidis KW - Blastomyces gilchristii KW - Canada KW - Coccidioides immitis KW - Coccidioides posadasii KW - Histoplasma capsulatum KW - Ontario KW - blastomycosis KW - climate change KW - coccidioidomycosis KW - dimorphic fungi KW - fungi KW - geographic distribution KW - histoplasmosis SP - 1257 EP - 1266 JF - Emerging infectious diseases JO - Emerg Infect Dis VL - 24 IS - 7 N2 - Endemic mycoses represent a growing public health challenge in North America. We describe the epidemiology of 1,392 microbiology laboratory-confirmed cases of blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and coccidioidomycosis in Ontario during 1990-2015. Blastomycosis was the most common infection (1,092 cases; incidence of 0.41 cases/100,000 population), followed by histoplasmosis (211 cases) and coccidioidomycosis (89 cases). Incidence of blastomycosis increased from 1995 to 2001 and has remained elevated, especially in the northwest region, incorporating several localized hotspots where disease incidence (10.9 cases/100,000 population) is 12.6 times greater than in any other region of the province. This retrospective study substantially increases the number of known endemic fungal infections reported in Canada, confirms Ontario as an important region of endemicity for blastomycosis and histoplasmosis, and provides an epidemiologic baseline for future disease surveillance. Clinicians should include blastomycosis and histoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of antibiotic-refractory pneumonia in patients traveling to or residing in Ontario. SN - 1080-6059 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/29912691/Epidemiology_and_Geographic_Distribution_of_Blastomycosis_Histoplasmosis_and_Coccidioidomycosis_Ontario_Canada_1990_2015_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2407.172063 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -