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Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked by Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery.
Chem Senses. 2018 08 24; 43(7):515-521.CS

Abstract

The Duality of Smell hypothesis suggests odorants delivered orthonasally elicit different sensations compared with those delivered retronasally despite activating the same receptors in the olfactory epithelium. Presently, we investigated this further using a matching paradigm free from odorant or semantic memory bias. Subjects were asked to evaluate an aroma delivered in one condition (orthonasal or retronasal delivery) and match the same aroma from 4 unknowns evaluated in the same or different delivery conditions. Panelists matched flavors in 4 delivery conditions: orthonasal-orthonasal, retronasal-retronasal, retronasal-orthonasal, and orthonasal-retronasal. For orthonasal presentation, panelists smelled samples using their nostrils, and for retronasal presentation, panelists swallowed aqueous flavors. In Experiment 1, panelists were instructed to match familiar flavors (banana, grape, orange, raspberry). In Experiments 2 and 3, panelists used the same experimental design with either 4 unfamiliar flavors (kinnow, longan, pawpaw, prunus) or 4 distinct subtypes of a strawberry flavor (woody, green, ripe, candy). In Experiment 1, the number of correct matches in each condition did not significantly differ suggesting stability in the perceptual construct across delivery routes. However, in Experiments 2 and 3, significantly more samples were correctly matched in the orthonasal-orthonasal and retronasal-retronasal conditions compared with the retronasal-orthonasal or orthonasal-retronasal conditions suggesting aroma perception is dependent on delivery route. Additionally, across the 4 delivery methods, the ability to correctly match flavors decreased as flavor familiarity decreased or similarity increased and may reflect the different cognitive strategies employed by subjects when matching these stimuli. Our results suggest odorant percepts are route-dependent and consistent with the Duality of Smell phenomenon.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Hannum M
Department of Food Science & Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Stegman MA
Department of Food Science & Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Fryer JA
Department of Food Science & Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Simons CT
Department of Food Science & Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMemoryMiddle AgedOdorantsOlfactory MucosaOlfactory PerceptionSmellStimulation, ChemicalTasteYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

29982522

Citation

Hannum, Mackenzie, et al. "Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked By Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery." Chemical Senses, vol. 43, no. 7, 2018, pp. 515-521.
Hannum M, Stegman MA, Fryer JA, et al. Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked by Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery. Chem Senses. 2018;43(7):515-521.
Hannum, M., Stegman, M. A., Fryer, J. A., & Simons, C. T. (2018). Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked by Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery. Chemical Senses, 43(7), 515-521. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjy043
Hannum M, et al. Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked By Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery. Chem Senses. 2018 08 24;43(7):515-521. PubMed PMID: 29982522.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked by Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery. AU - Hannum,Mackenzie, AU - Stegman,Margaret A, AU - Fryer,Jenna A, AU - Simons,Christopher T, PY - 2018/7/10/pubmed PY - 2019/6/25/medline PY - 2018/7/9/entrez SP - 515 EP - 521 JF - Chemical senses JO - Chem Senses VL - 43 IS - 7 N2 - The Duality of Smell hypothesis suggests odorants delivered orthonasally elicit different sensations compared with those delivered retronasally despite activating the same receptors in the olfactory epithelium. Presently, we investigated this further using a matching paradigm free from odorant or semantic memory bias. Subjects were asked to evaluate an aroma delivered in one condition (orthonasal or retronasal delivery) and match the same aroma from 4 unknowns evaluated in the same or different delivery conditions. Panelists matched flavors in 4 delivery conditions: orthonasal-orthonasal, retronasal-retronasal, retronasal-orthonasal, and orthonasal-retronasal. For orthonasal presentation, panelists smelled samples using their nostrils, and for retronasal presentation, panelists swallowed aqueous flavors. In Experiment 1, panelists were instructed to match familiar flavors (banana, grape, orange, raspberry). In Experiments 2 and 3, panelists used the same experimental design with either 4 unfamiliar flavors (kinnow, longan, pawpaw, prunus) or 4 distinct subtypes of a strawberry flavor (woody, green, ripe, candy). In Experiment 1, the number of correct matches in each condition did not significantly differ suggesting stability in the perceptual construct across delivery routes. However, in Experiments 2 and 3, significantly more samples were correctly matched in the orthonasal-orthonasal and retronasal-retronasal conditions compared with the retronasal-orthonasal or orthonasal-retronasal conditions suggesting aroma perception is dependent on delivery route. Additionally, across the 4 delivery methods, the ability to correctly match flavors decreased as flavor familiarity decreased or similarity increased and may reflect the different cognitive strategies employed by subjects when matching these stimuli. Our results suggest odorant percepts are route-dependent and consistent with the Duality of Smell phenomenon. SN - 1464-3553 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/29982522/Different_Olfactory_Percepts_Evoked_by_Orthonasal_and_Retronasal_Odorant_Delivery_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -