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Epidemiologic challenges in norovirus vaccine development.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019; 15(6):1279-1283.HV

Abstract

Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. In the United States norovirus is estimated to cause 19-21 million illnesses, 1.7-1.9 million outpatient visits, 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations, and 570-800 deaths annually. Through direct costs and loss of productivity, norovirus disease cost the US economy more than $5.5 billion annually. Due to the lack of available therapies to treat norovirus infections and their highly infectious nature, preventing norovirus illness through vaccination is an appealing strategy. Currently, several norovirus vaccines are in development, including five vaccines in preclinical trials, an oral monovalent vaccine (Vaxart, Inc.) that recently completed a phase IB clinical trial, and a bivalent intramuscular vaccine (Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited) in a phase IIB clinical trial. However, no norovirus vaccines are currently available on the market. In this commentary we aim to describe some of the barriers faced in norovirus vaccine development, particularly focusing on vaccine effectiveness and defining the target population.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Hallowell BD
a Division of Viral Diseases , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA. b Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Epidemic Intelligence Service , Atlanta , GA , USA.
Parashar UD
a Division of Viral Diseases , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA.
Hall AJ
a Division of Viral Diseases , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA.

MeSH

Caliciviridae InfectionsClinical Trials as TopicCost-Benefit AnalysisDrug DevelopmentGastroenteritisHumansNorovirusUnited StatesVaccinationVaccine PotencyViral Vaccines

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

30481104

Citation

Hallowell, Benjamin D., et al. "Epidemiologic Challenges in Norovirus Vaccine Development." Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, vol. 15, no. 6, 2019, pp. 1279-1283.
Hallowell BD, Parashar UD, Hall AJ. Epidemiologic challenges in norovirus vaccine development. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019;15(6):1279-1283.
Hallowell, B. D., Parashar, U. D., & Hall, A. J. (2019). Epidemiologic challenges in norovirus vaccine development. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 15(6), 1279-1283. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1553594
Hallowell BD, Parashar UD, Hall AJ. Epidemiologic Challenges in Norovirus Vaccine Development. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019;15(6):1279-1283. PubMed PMID: 30481104.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiologic challenges in norovirus vaccine development. AU - Hallowell,Benjamin D, AU - Parashar,Umesh D, AU - Hall,Aron J, Y1 - 2018/12/10/ PY - 2019/12/10/pmc-release PY - 2018/11/28/pubmed PY - 2020/3/3/medline PY - 2018/11/28/entrez KW - Norovirus KW - effectiveness KW - efficacy KW - epidemiology KW - vaccine development SP - 1279 EP - 1283 JF - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JO - Hum Vaccin Immunother VL - 15 IS - 6 N2 - Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. In the United States norovirus is estimated to cause 19-21 million illnesses, 1.7-1.9 million outpatient visits, 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations, and 570-800 deaths annually. Through direct costs and loss of productivity, norovirus disease cost the US economy more than $5.5 billion annually. Due to the lack of available therapies to treat norovirus infections and their highly infectious nature, preventing norovirus illness through vaccination is an appealing strategy. Currently, several norovirus vaccines are in development, including five vaccines in preclinical trials, an oral monovalent vaccine (Vaxart, Inc.) that recently completed a phase IB clinical trial, and a bivalent intramuscular vaccine (Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited) in a phase IIB clinical trial. However, no norovirus vaccines are currently available on the market. In this commentary we aim to describe some of the barriers faced in norovirus vaccine development, particularly focusing on vaccine effectiveness and defining the target population. SN - 2164-554X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/30481104/Epidemiologic_challenges_in_norovirus_vaccine_development_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -