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Gender differences in blood pressure and body composition in schoolchildren ascendants from Amerindian and European.
Ethn Health. 2021 08; 26(6):936-947.EH

Abstract

Background: In spite of there are a wide knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension in adult, there is poor information on schoolchildren of different ethnicity and gender.Aim: To compare the levels of blood pressure and other cardiometabolic risk factors for hypertension between schoolchildren of different gender and ethnicity.Material and methods: In a cross-sectional study, 540 schoolchildren (6-13 years) ascendants from a Chilean public school population were analysed by ethnicity and gender in four groups (Mapuches N = 55; European boys N = 199, and Mapuches N = 64, and European girls N = 222). The study included the measurement of cardiovascular (systolic and diastolic blood pressure) as main outcomes, as well as other cardiovascular (resting heart rate), body composition (body mass, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, muscle mass), muscle strength (handgrip strength of dominant, non-dominant, and mean handgrip strength) as additional cardiometabolic outcomes.Results: The systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in Mapuches girls 126 ± 4 vs. their European counterparts 119 ± 3 mmHg, P < .002, as well as diastolic blood pressure, was higher in Mapuches girls 82 ± 5 vs. European girls 74 ± 3 mmHg, P < .0001. There were more 'prehypertensive' Mapuches girls 10 (15.6%) vs. European peers 22 (9.9%) at P < .0001, and the 'hypertension' was significantly more prevalent in Mapuches boys 19 (34.5%) vs. European peers 39 (19.4%) at P < .0001, as well as in Mapuches girls 16 (25%) vs. European peers 33 (14.9%) at P < .0001. The 'obesity' was less prevalent in Mapuches 10 (18.2%) vs. European boys 55 (27.4%) at P < .0001. The waist circumference was high in European 74 ± 4 vs. Mapuches 67 ± 6 cm, P < .012 in boys, although, waist circumference was high in Mapuches girls 75 ± 5 vs. European peers 71 ± 3 cm, P < .021. There were higher levels of muscle mass in Mapuches boys 19.5 ± 12 vs. European peers 17.1 ± 4 kg, P < .0001.Conclusion: Mapuches girls show higher levels of systolic and diastolic BP than European girls, Mapuches boys and girls are more hypertensive than European peers, but are less obese than European schoolchildren peers. These cardiometabolic differences that are more detrimental for endemic ethnic Latinoamerican groups are in need to be explored further.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Alvarez C
Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.
Flores-Opazo M
Laboratorio de Ciencias del Ejercicio y La Actividad Física, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.
Mancilla R
Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Martínez-Salazar C
Faculty of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Physical Education and Recreation, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Mangiamarchi P
Centre of Physical Exercise, Cardiovascular Health Program, Padre las Casas, Chile.
Sade-Calles F
Family Healthcare Centre Tomás Rojas Vergara, Los Lagos, Chile.
Ramírez-Campillo R
Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.

MeSH

Blood PressureBody CompositionBody Mass IndexChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHand StrengthHumansHypertensionMaleSex FactorsWaist Circumference

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

30681013

Citation

Alvarez, Cristian, et al. "Gender Differences in Blood Pressure and Body Composition in Schoolchildren Ascendants From Amerindian and European." Ethnicity & Health, vol. 26, no. 6, 2021, pp. 936-947.
Alvarez C, Flores-Opazo M, Mancilla R, et al. Gender differences in blood pressure and body composition in schoolchildren ascendants from Amerindian and European. Ethn Health. 2021;26(6):936-947.
Alvarez, C., Flores-Opazo, M., Mancilla, R., Martínez-Salazar, C., Mangiamarchi, P., Sade-Calles, F., & Ramírez-Campillo, R. (2021). Gender differences in blood pressure and body composition in schoolchildren ascendants from Amerindian and European. Ethnicity & Health, 26(6), 936-947. https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2018.1557119
Alvarez C, et al. Gender Differences in Blood Pressure and Body Composition in Schoolchildren Ascendants From Amerindian and European. Ethn Health. 2021;26(6):936-947. PubMed PMID: 30681013.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Gender differences in blood pressure and body composition in schoolchildren ascendants from Amerindian and European. AU - Alvarez,Cristian, AU - Flores-Opazo,Marcelo, AU - Mancilla,Rodrigo, AU - Martínez-Salazar,Cristian, AU - Mangiamarchi,Pedro, AU - Sade-Calles,Farid, AU - Ramírez-Campillo,Rodrigo, Y1 - 2019/01/25/ PY - 2019/1/27/pubmed PY - 2022/4/8/medline PY - 2019/1/26/entrez KW - Schoolchildren KW - blood pressure KW - body composition KW - ethnicity KW - hypertension SP - 936 EP - 947 JF - Ethnicity & health JO - Ethn Health VL - 26 IS - 6 N2 - Background: In spite of there are a wide knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension in adult, there is poor information on schoolchildren of different ethnicity and gender.Aim: To compare the levels of blood pressure and other cardiometabolic risk factors for hypertension between schoolchildren of different gender and ethnicity.Material and methods: In a cross-sectional study, 540 schoolchildren (6-13 years) ascendants from a Chilean public school population were analysed by ethnicity and gender in four groups (Mapuches N = 55; European boys N = 199, and Mapuches N = 64, and European girls N = 222). The study included the measurement of cardiovascular (systolic and diastolic blood pressure) as main outcomes, as well as other cardiovascular (resting heart rate), body composition (body mass, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, muscle mass), muscle strength (handgrip strength of dominant, non-dominant, and mean handgrip strength) as additional cardiometabolic outcomes.Results: The systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in Mapuches girls 126 ± 4 vs. their European counterparts 119 ± 3 mmHg, P < .002, as well as diastolic blood pressure, was higher in Mapuches girls 82 ± 5 vs. European girls 74 ± 3 mmHg, P < .0001. There were more 'prehypertensive' Mapuches girls 10 (15.6%) vs. European peers 22 (9.9%) at P < .0001, and the 'hypertension' was significantly more prevalent in Mapuches boys 19 (34.5%) vs. European peers 39 (19.4%) at P < .0001, as well as in Mapuches girls 16 (25%) vs. European peers 33 (14.9%) at P < .0001. The 'obesity' was less prevalent in Mapuches 10 (18.2%) vs. European boys 55 (27.4%) at P < .0001. The waist circumference was high in European 74 ± 4 vs. Mapuches 67 ± 6 cm, P < .012 in boys, although, waist circumference was high in Mapuches girls 75 ± 5 vs. European peers 71 ± 3 cm, P < .021. There were higher levels of muscle mass in Mapuches boys 19.5 ± 12 vs. European peers 17.1 ± 4 kg, P < .0001.Conclusion: Mapuches girls show higher levels of systolic and diastolic BP than European girls, Mapuches boys and girls are more hypertensive than European peers, but are less obese than European schoolchildren peers. These cardiometabolic differences that are more detrimental for endemic ethnic Latinoamerican groups are in need to be explored further. SN - 1465-3419 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/30681013/Gender_differences_in_blood_pressure_and_body_composition_in_schoolchildren_ascendants_from_Amerindian_and_European_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -