TY - JOUR T1 - Antioxidant, α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities and Potential Constituents of Canarium tramdenum Bark. AU - Quan,Nguyen Van, AU - Xuan,Tran Dang, AU - Tran,Hoang-Dung, AU - Thuy,Nguyen Thi Dieu, AU - Trang,Le Thu, AU - Huong,Can Thu, AU - Andriana,Yusuf, AU - Tuyen,Phung Thi, Y1 - 2019/02/09/ PY - 2019/01/13/received PY - 2019/02/06/revised PY - 2019/02/07/accepted PY - 2019/2/13/entrez PY - 2019/2/13/pubmed PY - 2019/6/5/medline KW - Canarium tramdenum KW - antioxidants KW - bark KW - biological activity KW - diabetes KW - phenolics KW - terpenoids KW - α-glucosidase inhibitors JF - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) JO - Molecules VL - 24 IS - 3 N2 - The fruits of Canarium tramdenum are commonly used as foods and cooking ingredients in Vietnam, Laos, and the southeast region of China, whilst the leaves are traditionally used for treating diarrhea and rheumatism. This study was conducted to investigate the potential use of this plant bark as antioxidants, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. Five different extracts of C. tramdenum bark (TDB) consisting of the extract (TDBS) and factional extracts hexane (TDBH), ethyl acetate (TDBE), butanol (TDBB), and water (TDBW) were evaluated. The TDBS extract contained the highest amount of total phenolic (112.14 mg gallic acid equivalent per g dry weight), while the TDBB extract had the most effective antioxidant capacity compared to other extracts. Its IC50 values were 12.33, 47.87, 33.25, and 103.74 µg/mL in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (ABTS), reducing power (RP), and nitric oxide (NO) assays, respectively. Meanwhile, the lipid peroxidation inhibition of the four above extracts was proximate to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a standard antioxidant. The result of porcine pancreatic α-amylase inhibition showed that TDB extracts have promising effects which are in line with the commercial diabetic inhibitor acarbose. Interestingly, the inhibitory ability on α-glucosidase of all the extracts was higher than that of acarbose. Among the extracts, the TDBB extract expressed the strongest activity on the enzymatic reaction (IC50 = 18.93 µg/mL) followed by the TDBW extract (IC50 = 25.27 µg/mL), TDBS (IC50 = 28.17 µg/mL), and TDBE extract (IC50 = 141.37 µg/mL). The phytochemical constituents of the TDB extract were identified by gas chromatography⁻mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The principal constituents included nine phenolics, eight terpenoids, two steroids, and five compounds belonging to other chemical classes, which were the first reported in this plant. Among them, the presence of α- and β-amyrins were identified by GC-MS and appeared as the most dominant constituents in TDB extracts (1.52 mg/g). The results of this study revealed that C. tramdenum bark possessed rich phenolics and terpenoids, which might confer on reducing risks from diabetes. A high quantity of α- and β-amyrins highlighted the potentials of anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-tumor, and hepatoprotective properties of C. tramdenum bark. SN - 1420-3049 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/30744084/Antioxidant_��_Amylase_and_��_Glucosidase_Inhibitory_Activities_and_Potential_Constituents_of_Canarium_tramdenum_Bark_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -