Citation
Zdenek, Christina N., et al. "Coagulotoxic Effects By Brown Snake (Pseudonaja) and Taipan (Oxyuranus) Venoms, and the Efficacy of a New Antivenom." Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association With BIBRA, vol. 58, 2019, pp. 97-109.
Zdenek CN, Hay C, Arbuckle K, et al. Coagulotoxic effects by brown snake (Pseudonaja) and taipan (Oxyuranus) venoms, and the efficacy of a new antivenom. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019;58:97-109.
Zdenek, C. N., Hay, C., Arbuckle, K., Jackson, T. N. W., Bos, M. H. A., Op den Brouw, B., Debono, J., Allen, L., Dunstan, N., Morley, T., Herrera, M., Gutiérrez, J. M., Williams, D. J., & Fry, B. G. (2019). Coagulotoxic effects by brown snake (Pseudonaja) and taipan (Oxyuranus) venoms, and the efficacy of a new antivenom. Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association With BIBRA, 58, 97-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2019.03.031
Zdenek CN, et al. Coagulotoxic Effects By Brown Snake (Pseudonaja) and Taipan (Oxyuranus) Venoms, and the Efficacy of a New Antivenom. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019;58:97-109. PubMed PMID: 30910521.
TY - JOUR
T1 - Coagulotoxic effects by brown snake (Pseudonaja) and taipan (Oxyuranus) venoms, and the efficacy of a new antivenom.
AU - Zdenek,Christina N,
AU - Hay,Chris,
AU - Arbuckle,Kevin,
AU - Jackson,Timothy N W,
AU - Bos,Mettine H A,
AU - Op den Brouw,Bianca,
AU - Debono,Jordan,
AU - Allen,Luke,
AU - Dunstan,Nathan,
AU - Morley,Terry,
AU - Herrera,María,
AU - Gutiérrez,José M,
AU - Williams,David J,
AU - Fry,Bryan G,
Y1 - 2019/03/22/
PY - 2018/08/09/received
PY - 2019/03/12/revised
PY - 2019/03/21/accepted
PY - 2019/3/27/pubmed
PY - 2019/12/4/medline
PY - 2019/3/27/entrez
KW - Antivenom
KW - Coagulopathy
KW - Coagulotoxic
KW - Disseminated intravascular coagulation
KW - ICP antivenom
KW - Oxyuranus
KW - Prothrombinase complex
KW - Pseudonaja
KW - Venom
KW - Venom induced consumptive coagulopathy
SP - 97
EP - 109
JF - Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA
JO - Toxicol In Vitro
VL - 58
N2 - Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease that disproportionately affects the poor. Antivenom is the only specific and effective treatment for snakebite, but its distribution is severely limited by several factors, including the prohibitive cost of some products. Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a snakebite hotspot but the high costs of Australian antivenoms (thousands of dollars per treatment) makes it unaffordable in PNG. A more economical taipan antivenom has recently been developed at the Instituto Clodomiro Picado (ICP) in Costa Rica for PNG and is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of envenomations by coastal taipans (Oxyuranus scutellatus). In addition to potentially having the capacity to neutralise the effects of envenomations of non-PNG taipans, this antivenom may have the capacity to neutralise coagulotoxins in venom from closely related brown snakes (Pseudonaja spp.) also found in PNG. Consequently, we investigated the cross-reactivity of taipan antivenom across the venoms of all Oxyuranus and Pseudonaja species. In addition, to ascertain differences in venom biochemistry that influence variation in antivenom efficacy, we tested for relative cofactor dependence. We found that the new ICP taipan antivenom exhibited high selectivity for Oxyuranus venoms and only low to moderate cross-reactivity with any Pseudonaja venoms. Consistent with this genus level distinction in antivenom efficacy were fundamental differences in the venom biochemistry. Not only were the Pseudonaja venoms significantly more procoagulant, but they were also much less dependent upon the cofactors calcium and phospholipid. There was a strong correlation between antivenom efficacy, clotting time and cofactor dependence. This study sheds light on the structure-function relationships of the procoagulant toxins within these venoms and may have important clinical implications including for the design of next-generation antivenoms.
SN - 1879-3177
UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/30910521/Coagulotoxic_effects_by_brown_snake__Pseudonaja__and_taipan__Oxyuranus__venoms_and_the_efficacy_of_a_new_antivenom_
L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0887-2333(18)30439-9
DB - PRIME
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -