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Quantitative determination of CBD and THC and their acid precursors in confiscated cannabis samples by HPLC-DAD.
Forensic Sci Int. 2019 Jun; 299:142-150.FS

Abstract

Analysis of cannabis has gained new importance worldwide, mainly for quality control within the legalized recreational and medical cannabis industry, but also for forensic differentiation between drug-type cannabis and legal products such as fiber hemp and CBD-rich/THC-poor cannabis. We herein present an HPLC-DAD method for quantitative analysis of major neutral and acidic cannabinoids in herbal cannabis and hashish: Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabinol (CBN). Plant material was dried, homogenized and extracted with a mixture of methanol/hexane. Chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved on a core-shell C8 column using gradient elution with water/acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid. The analytical run time was 13 min and analytes were detected at 210 nm. The method is selective, sensitive, accurate, and precise, as confirmed through validation according to ICH and AOAC guidelines. Linearity in herbal cannabis ranged from 0.04 to 4.00% for the neutral cannabinoids, and from 0.40 to 20% for the acids. Linear ranges in hashish samples were 0.13-13.33% and 1.33-66.66%, respectively. The presented method was successfully applied to characterize 110 cannabis samples seized by the Swiss police, demonstrating its applicability for routine cannabis potency testing in the forensic setting.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Hädener M
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 20, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
König S
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 20, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Weinmann W
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 20, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: wolfgang.weinmann@irm.unibe.ch.

MeSH

CannabinoidsCannabinolCannabisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidDronabinolLimit of Detection

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Validation Study

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31005710

Citation

Hädener, Marianne, et al. "Quantitative Determination of CBD and THC and Their Acid Precursors in Confiscated Cannabis Samples By HPLC-DAD." Forensic Science International, vol. 299, 2019, pp. 142-150.
Hädener M, König S, Weinmann W. Quantitative determination of CBD and THC and their acid precursors in confiscated cannabis samples by HPLC-DAD. Forensic Sci Int. 2019;299:142-150.
Hädener, M., König, S., & Weinmann, W. (2019). Quantitative determination of CBD and THC and their acid precursors in confiscated cannabis samples by HPLC-DAD. Forensic Science International, 299, 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.03.046
Hädener M, König S, Weinmann W. Quantitative Determination of CBD and THC and Their Acid Precursors in Confiscated Cannabis Samples By HPLC-DAD. Forensic Sci Int. 2019;299:142-150. PubMed PMID: 31005710.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative determination of CBD and THC and their acid precursors in confiscated cannabis samples by HPLC-DAD. AU - Hädener,Marianne, AU - König,Stefan, AU - Weinmann,Wolfgang, Y1 - 2019/04/05/ PY - 2019/01/15/received PY - 2019/03/15/revised PY - 2019/03/28/accepted PY - 2019/4/22/pubmed PY - 2019/6/18/medline PY - 2019/4/22/entrez KW - CBD KW - Cannabinoids KW - Cannabis KW - HPLC-DAD analysis KW - Potency testing KW - THC SP - 142 EP - 150 JF - Forensic science international JO - Forensic Sci Int VL - 299 N2 - Analysis of cannabis has gained new importance worldwide, mainly for quality control within the legalized recreational and medical cannabis industry, but also for forensic differentiation between drug-type cannabis and legal products such as fiber hemp and CBD-rich/THC-poor cannabis. We herein present an HPLC-DAD method for quantitative analysis of major neutral and acidic cannabinoids in herbal cannabis and hashish: Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabinol (CBN). Plant material was dried, homogenized and extracted with a mixture of methanol/hexane. Chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved on a core-shell C8 column using gradient elution with water/acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid. The analytical run time was 13 min and analytes were detected at 210 nm. The method is selective, sensitive, accurate, and precise, as confirmed through validation according to ICH and AOAC guidelines. Linearity in herbal cannabis ranged from 0.04 to 4.00% for the neutral cannabinoids, and from 0.40 to 20% for the acids. Linear ranges in hashish samples were 0.13-13.33% and 1.33-66.66%, respectively. The presented method was successfully applied to characterize 110 cannabis samples seized by the Swiss police, demonstrating its applicability for routine cannabis potency testing in the forensic setting. SN - 1872-6283 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31005710/Quantitative_determination_of_CBD_and_THC_and_their_acid_precursors_in_confiscated_cannabis_samples_by_HPLC_DAD_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -