Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Unhealthy Snack Food and Beverage Consumption Is Associated with Lower Dietary Adequacy and Length-for-Age z-Scores among 12-23-Month-Olds in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.
J Nutr. 2019 10 01; 149(10):1843-1851.JN

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Consumption of unhealthy snack foods and beverages (USFBs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is rising, with global awareness increasing about risks of overnutrition. However, little is known about the relation between USFB consumption and young children's diet/nutritional outcomes in contexts where nutrient density of complementary foods is often low.

OBJECTIVES

This study assessed the association of high USFB consumption, compared with low consumption, with nutrient intakes, dietary adequacy, iron status, and growth in young children in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a representative sample of 745 primary caregivers of children aged 12-23 mo. Food consumption was measured through quantitative 24-h recalls, and child anthropometric measurements and capillary blood samples were collected. Using adjusted linear/logistic regression models, nutrient intakes, dietary adequacy, length-for-age and weight-for-length z-scores (LAZ and WLZ, respectively), and iron status were compared between lowest and highest tertiles of consumption based on the contribution of USFBs to total energy intakes (TEIs). Mediation of the relation between USFB consumption and LAZ via lowered dietary adequacy was explored using structural equations modeling.

RESULTS

On average, USFBs contributed 46.9% of TEI among the highest tertile of consumers, compared with 5.2% of TEI among the lowest. Compared with low-USFB consumers, high-USFB consumers had lower nutrient intakes and a greater proportion were at risk of inadequate intakes for 8 nutrients. Mean LAZ was nearly 0.3 SD lower among high-USFB consumers than low consumers (P = 0.003), with this relationship partially mediated through dietary adequacy. No associations were found with stunting prevalence or iron status. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was low.

CONCLUSIONS

In this LMIC context, high USFB consumption among young children was associated with inadequate micronutrient intakes, which can contribute to poor growth outcomes. Addressing increased availability of USFBs in LMIC food systems should be a priority for policies and programs aiming to safeguard child nutrition.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Pries AM
Helen Keller International, Washington, DC, USA. Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Rehman AM
Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Filteau S
Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Sharma N
Helen Keller International, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Upadhyay A
Helen Keller International, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Ferguson EL
Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

MeSH

AdultBeveragesChild DevelopmentCross-Sectional StudiesDietFeeding BehaviorHumansInfantInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaNepalNutritional StatusSnacksYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31309223

Citation

Pries, Alissa M., et al. "Unhealthy Snack Food and Beverage Consumption Is Associated With Lower Dietary Adequacy and Length-for-Age z-Scores Among 12-23-Month-Olds in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal." The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 149, no. 10, 2019, pp. 1843-1851.
Pries AM, Rehman AM, Filteau S, et al. Unhealthy Snack Food and Beverage Consumption Is Associated with Lower Dietary Adequacy and Length-for-Age z-Scores among 12-23-Month-Olds in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. J Nutr. 2019;149(10):1843-1851.
Pries, A. M., Rehman, A. M., Filteau, S., Sharma, N., Upadhyay, A., & Ferguson, E. L. (2019). Unhealthy Snack Food and Beverage Consumption Is Associated with Lower Dietary Adequacy and Length-for-Age z-Scores among 12-23-Month-Olds in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. The Journal of Nutrition, 149(10), 1843-1851. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz140
Pries AM, et al. Unhealthy Snack Food and Beverage Consumption Is Associated With Lower Dietary Adequacy and Length-for-Age z-Scores Among 12-23-Month-Olds in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. J Nutr. 2019 10 1;149(10):1843-1851. PubMed PMID: 31309223.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Unhealthy Snack Food and Beverage Consumption Is Associated with Lower Dietary Adequacy and Length-for-Age z-Scores among 12-23-Month-Olds in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. AU - Pries,Alissa M, AU - Rehman,Andrea M, AU - Filteau,Suzanne, AU - Sharma,Nisha, AU - Upadhyay,Atul, AU - Ferguson,Elaine L, PY - 2018/12/10/received PY - 2019/05/01/revised PY - 2019/05/31/accepted PY - 2019/7/17/pubmed PY - 2020/6/24/medline PY - 2019/7/17/entrez KW - Nepal KW - complementary feeding KW - snacks KW - undernutrition KW - unhealthy diet SP - 1843 EP - 1851 JF - The Journal of nutrition JO - J Nutr VL - 149 IS - 10 N2 - BACKGROUND: Consumption of unhealthy snack foods and beverages (USFBs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is rising, with global awareness increasing about risks of overnutrition. However, little is known about the relation between USFB consumption and young children's diet/nutritional outcomes in contexts where nutrient density of complementary foods is often low. OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the association of high USFB consumption, compared with low consumption, with nutrient intakes, dietary adequacy, iron status, and growth in young children in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a representative sample of 745 primary caregivers of children aged 12-23 mo. Food consumption was measured through quantitative 24-h recalls, and child anthropometric measurements and capillary blood samples were collected. Using adjusted linear/logistic regression models, nutrient intakes, dietary adequacy, length-for-age and weight-for-length z-scores (LAZ and WLZ, respectively), and iron status were compared between lowest and highest tertiles of consumption based on the contribution of USFBs to total energy intakes (TEIs). Mediation of the relation between USFB consumption and LAZ via lowered dietary adequacy was explored using structural equations modeling. RESULTS: On average, USFBs contributed 46.9% of TEI among the highest tertile of consumers, compared with 5.2% of TEI among the lowest. Compared with low-USFB consumers, high-USFB consumers had lower nutrient intakes and a greater proportion were at risk of inadequate intakes for 8 nutrients. Mean LAZ was nearly 0.3 SD lower among high-USFB consumers than low consumers (P = 0.003), with this relationship partially mediated through dietary adequacy. No associations were found with stunting prevalence or iron status. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was low. CONCLUSIONS: In this LMIC context, high USFB consumption among young children was associated with inadequate micronutrient intakes, which can contribute to poor growth outcomes. Addressing increased availability of USFBs in LMIC food systems should be a priority for policies and programs aiming to safeguard child nutrition. SN - 1541-6100 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31309223/Unhealthy_Snack_Food_and_Beverage_Consumption_Is_Associated_with_Lower_Dietary_Adequacy_and_Length_for_Age_z_Scores_among_12_23_Month_Olds_in_Kathmandu_Valley_Nepal_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -