Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Protection from Radiation-induced Damage in Rat's Ileum and Colon by Combined Regimens of Melatonin and Metformin: A Histopathological Study.
Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2020; 19(2):180-189.AA

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Radiation-induced enteritis and proctitis are common side effects of abdominopelvic cancers among patients that undergo radiotherapy for prostate, colorectal or urinary cancers. Exposure of these tissues to high doses of radiation leads to damage to villous, inflammation, pain, ulcer and bleeding, which may cause malabsorption and gastrointestinal disorders. To date, several procedures such as pharmaceutical treatment have been proposed for protection and mitigation of gastrointestinal toxicity following radiotherapy.

AIMS

In the current study, we aimed to investigate the possible radioprotection of ileum and colon in rats using a combination of melatonin and metformin.

METHODS

In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups: control, melatonin (100 mg/kg) treatment, melatonin (100 mg/kg) plus metformin (100 mg/kg) treatment, radiation (10 Gy to whole body) group, radiation + melatonin (100 mg/kg) treatment, and radiation + melatonin (100 mg/kg) plus metformin (100 mg/kg) treatment. After 3.5 days, rats were sacrificed and their ileum and colon tissues carefully removed. Histopathological evaluations were conducted on these tissue samples.

RESULTS

Histological evaluations reported moderate to severe damages to ileum and colon following whole body irradiation. Melatonin administration was able to protect the ileum remarkably, while the combination of melatonin and metformin was less effective. Interestingly, for the colon, melatonin was less effective while its combination with metformin was able to protect against radiation toxicity completely.

CONCLUSION

For the ileum, melatonin was a more effective radioprotector compared to its combination with metformin. However, the combination of melatonin and metformin can be proposed as an ideal radioprotector for the colon.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Najafi M
Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Cheki M
Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Hassanzadeh G
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Amini P
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shabeeb D
Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, International Campus, Tehran, Iran. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq.
Musa AE
Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, International Campus, Tehran, Iran. Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

MeSH

AnimalsColonDrug Therapy, CombinationEnteritisHumansIleumMaleMelatoninMetforminModels, AnimalRadiation InjuriesRadiation-Protective AgentsRatsRats, WistarWhole-Body Irradiation

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31438832

Citation

Najafi, Masoud, et al. "Protection From Radiation-induced Damage in Rat's Ileum and Colon By Combined Regimens of Melatonin and Metformin: a Histopathological Study." Anti-inflammatory & Anti-allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 2, 2020, pp. 180-189.
Najafi M, Cheki M, Hassanzadeh G, et al. Protection from Radiation-induced Damage in Rat's Ileum and Colon by Combined Regimens of Melatonin and Metformin: A Histopathological Study. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2020;19(2):180-189.
Najafi, M., Cheki, M., Hassanzadeh, G., Amini, P., Shabeeb, D., & Musa, A. E. (2020). Protection from Radiation-induced Damage in Rat's Ileum and Colon by Combined Regimens of Melatonin and Metformin: A Histopathological Study. Anti-inflammatory & Anti-allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 19(2), 180-189. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871523018666190718161928
Najafi M, et al. Protection From Radiation-induced Damage in Rat's Ileum and Colon By Combined Regimens of Melatonin and Metformin: a Histopathological Study. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2020;19(2):180-189. PubMed PMID: 31438832.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Protection from Radiation-induced Damage in Rat's Ileum and Colon by Combined Regimens of Melatonin and Metformin: A Histopathological Study. AU - Najafi,Masoud, AU - Cheki,Mohsen, AU - Hassanzadeh,Gholamreza, AU - Amini,Peyman, AU - Shabeeb,Dheyauldeen, AU - Musa,Ahmed E, PY - 2019/03/10/received PY - 2019/06/22/revised PY - 2019/06/28/accepted PY - 2019/8/24/pubmed PY - 2021/1/23/medline PY - 2019/8/24/entrez KW - Colon KW - ileum KW - melatonin KW - metformin KW - radiation KW - radiation-induced enteritis. SP - 180 EP - 189 JF - Anti-inflammatory & anti-allergy agents in medicinal chemistry JO - Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem VL - 19 IS - 2 N2 - BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced enteritis and proctitis are common side effects of abdominopelvic cancers among patients that undergo radiotherapy for prostate, colorectal or urinary cancers. Exposure of these tissues to high doses of radiation leads to damage to villous, inflammation, pain, ulcer and bleeding, which may cause malabsorption and gastrointestinal disorders. To date, several procedures such as pharmaceutical treatment have been proposed for protection and mitigation of gastrointestinal toxicity following radiotherapy. AIMS: In the current study, we aimed to investigate the possible radioprotection of ileum and colon in rats using a combination of melatonin and metformin. METHODS: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups: control, melatonin (100 mg/kg) treatment, melatonin (100 mg/kg) plus metformin (100 mg/kg) treatment, radiation (10 Gy to whole body) group, radiation + melatonin (100 mg/kg) treatment, and radiation + melatonin (100 mg/kg) plus metformin (100 mg/kg) treatment. After 3.5 days, rats were sacrificed and their ileum and colon tissues carefully removed. Histopathological evaluations were conducted on these tissue samples. RESULTS: Histological evaluations reported moderate to severe damages to ileum and colon following whole body irradiation. Melatonin administration was able to protect the ileum remarkably, while the combination of melatonin and metformin was less effective. Interestingly, for the colon, melatonin was less effective while its combination with metformin was able to protect against radiation toxicity completely. CONCLUSION: For the ileum, melatonin was a more effective radioprotector compared to its combination with metformin. However, the combination of melatonin and metformin can be proposed as an ideal radioprotector for the colon. SN - 1875-614X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31438832/Protection_from_Radiation_induced_Damage_in_Rat's_Ileum_and_Colon_by_Combined_Regimens_of_Melatonin_and_Metformin:_A_Histopathological_Study_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -