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Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Norway up to the northern limit of Ixodes ricinus distribution using a novel real time PCR test targeting the groEL gene.
BMC Microbiol. 2019 08 28; 19(1):199.BM

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis is an emerging tick-borne pathogen. It is widely distributed in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe, but knowledge of its distribution in Norway, where I. ricinus reaches its northern limit, is limited. In this study we have developed a real time PCR test for Ca. N. mikurensis and used it to investigate the distribution of Ca. N. mikurensis in Norway.

RESULTS

Real time PCR targeting the groEL gene was developed and shown to be highly sensitive. It was used to detect Ca. N. mikurensis in 1651 I. ricinus nymphs and adults collected from twelve locations in Norway, from the eastern Oslo Fjord in the south to near the Arctic Circle in the north. The overall prevalence was 6.5% and varied locally between 0 and 16%. Prevalence in adults and nymphs was similar, suggesting that ticks acquire Ca. N. mikurensis predominantly during their first blood meal. In addition, 123 larvae were investigated; Ca. N. mikurensis was not found in larvae, suggesting that transovarial transmission is rare or absent. Sequence analysis suggests that a single variant dominates in Norway.

CONCLUSIONS

Ca. N. mikurensis is widespread and common in ticks in Norway and reaches up to their northern limit near the Arctic Circle. Ticks appear to acquire Ca. N. mikurensis during their first blood meal. No evidence for transovarial transmission was found.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Jenkins A
Department of Natural Science and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Norway. andrew.jenkins@usn.no.
Raasok C
Department of Natural Science and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Norway. Present address: Nittedal Municipal Water and Drainage Authority, Nittedal, Norway.
Pedersen BN
Department of Natural Science and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Norway.
Jensen K
Department of Natural Science and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Norway. Present address: Telemark Trust Hospital, Section for Pathology, Skien, Norway.
Andreassen Å
Department of Natural Science and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Norway. Department of Virology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Soleng A
Department of Pest Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Edgar KS
Department of Pest Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Lindstedt HH
Department of Pest Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Kjelland V
Department of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway. Sørlandet Trust Hospital Research Unit, Kristiansand, Norway.
Stuen S
Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Sandnes, Norway.
Hvidsten D
Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Kristiansen BE
Department of Process, Energy, and Environmental Technology, University of South-Eastern Norway, Porsgrunn, Norway.

MeSH

AnaplasmataceaeAnimalsArctic RegionsChaperonin 60IxodesLarvaNorwayNymphReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31462211

Citation

Jenkins, Andrew, et al. "Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia Mikurensis in Norway Up to the Northern Limit of Ixodes Ricinus Distribution Using a Novel Real Time PCR Test Targeting the groEL Gene." BMC Microbiology, vol. 19, no. 1, 2019, p. 199.
Jenkins A, Raasok C, Pedersen BN, et al. Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Norway up to the northern limit of Ixodes ricinus distribution using a novel real time PCR test targeting the groEL gene. BMC Microbiol. 2019;19(1):199.
Jenkins, A., Raasok, C., Pedersen, B. N., Jensen, K., Andreassen, Å., Soleng, A., Edgar, K. S., Lindstedt, H. H., Kjelland, V., Stuen, S., Hvidsten, D., & Kristiansen, B. E. (2019). Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Norway up to the northern limit of Ixodes ricinus distribution using a novel real time PCR test targeting the groEL gene. BMC Microbiology, 19(1), 199. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1502-y
Jenkins A, et al. Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia Mikurensis in Norway Up to the Northern Limit of Ixodes Ricinus Distribution Using a Novel Real Time PCR Test Targeting the groEL Gene. BMC Microbiol. 2019 08 28;19(1):199. PubMed PMID: 31462211.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Norway up to the northern limit of Ixodes ricinus distribution using a novel real time PCR test targeting the groEL gene. AU - Jenkins,Andrew, AU - Raasok,Cecilie, AU - Pedersen,Benedikte N, AU - Jensen,Kristine, AU - Andreassen,Åshild, AU - Soleng,Arnulf, AU - Edgar,Kristin Skarsfjord, AU - Lindstedt,Heidi Heggen, AU - Kjelland,Vivian, AU - Stuen,Snorre, AU - Hvidsten,Dag, AU - Kristiansen,Bjørn-Erik, Y1 - 2019/08/28/ PY - 2018/06/27/received PY - 2019/05/31/accepted PY - 2019/8/30/entrez PY - 2019/8/30/pubmed PY - 2020/4/9/medline KW - Ixodes ricinus KW - Neoehrlichia mikurensis KW - Norway KW - Scandinavia KW - Tick-borne diseases KW - Ticks SP - 199 EP - 199 JF - BMC microbiology JO - BMC Microbiol VL - 19 IS - 1 N2 - BACKGROUND: Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis is an emerging tick-borne pathogen. It is widely distributed in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe, but knowledge of its distribution in Norway, where I. ricinus reaches its northern limit, is limited. In this study we have developed a real time PCR test for Ca. N. mikurensis and used it to investigate the distribution of Ca. N. mikurensis in Norway. RESULTS: Real time PCR targeting the groEL gene was developed and shown to be highly sensitive. It was used to detect Ca. N. mikurensis in 1651 I. ricinus nymphs and adults collected from twelve locations in Norway, from the eastern Oslo Fjord in the south to near the Arctic Circle in the north. The overall prevalence was 6.5% and varied locally between 0 and 16%. Prevalence in adults and nymphs was similar, suggesting that ticks acquire Ca. N. mikurensis predominantly during their first blood meal. In addition, 123 larvae were investigated; Ca. N. mikurensis was not found in larvae, suggesting that transovarial transmission is rare or absent. Sequence analysis suggests that a single variant dominates in Norway. CONCLUSIONS: Ca. N. mikurensis is widespread and common in ticks in Norway and reaches up to their northern limit near the Arctic Circle. Ticks appear to acquire Ca. N. mikurensis during their first blood meal. No evidence for transovarial transmission was found. SN - 1471-2180 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31462211/Detection_of_Candidatus_Neoehrlichia_mikurensis_in_Norway_up_to_the_northern_limit_of_Ixodes_ricinus_distribution_using_a_novel_real_time_PCR_test_targeting_the_groEL_gene_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -