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Predictors of urinary or fecal incontinence in dogs with thoracolumbar acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion.
J Vet Intern Med. 2019 Nov; 33(6):2693-2700.JV

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Urinary (UI) and fecal (FI) incontinence occur in up to 7.5% and 32% of dogs, respectively, after thoracolumbar acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE).

HYPOTHESES/OBJECTIVES

To investigate clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic predictors of UI and FI in dogs with ANNPE affecting the T3-L3 spinal cord segments.

ANIMALS

Hundred and eighty-seven dogs with T3-L3 ANNPE diagnosed based on clinical and MRI findings.

METHODS

Multicenter retrospective study. Data were obtained from medical records and telephone questionnaires and analyzed by logistic regression.

RESULTS

UI and FI were reported in 17 (9.1%) and 44 (23.5%) dogs, respectively. Paraplegic dogs were 3 times (95% CI = 1.25, 10.87) more likely to develop UI (P = .018) and 4 times (95% CI = 1.94, 12.56) more likely to develop FI (P = .001) compared to nonparaplegic dogs. Dogs with an intramedullary hyperintensity greater than 40% of the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord at the same level on transverse T2-weighted MRI images were 4 times more likely to develop UI (95% CI = 1.04, 21.72; P = .045) and FI (95% CI = 1.56, 10.39; P = .004) compared to dogs with smaller lesions. FI was 3 times (95% CI = 1.41, 7.93) more likely in dogs that were not treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) after diagnosis compared to dogs administered NSAIDs (P = .006) and 2 times (95% CI = 1.12, 5.98) more likely in dogs presented with clinical signs compatible with spinal shock compared to dogs without (P = .026).

CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE

The identification of clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic predictors of UI and FI in dogs with T3-L3 ANNPE can help to approach these autonomic dysfunctions occurring after spinal cord injury.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Mari L
Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, Centre for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
Behr S
Neurology/Neurosurgery Service, Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Services, Solihull, UK.
Shea A
Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, Centre for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
Dominguez E
Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Centre for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
Ricco C
Neurology/Neurosurgery Service, Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Services, Solihull, UK.
Alcoverro E
Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, Cheshire, UK.
Ekiri A
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK.
Sanchez-Masian D
Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, Cheshire, UK.
De Risio L
Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, Centre for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.

MeSH

AnimalsBiomarkersDog DiseasesDogsFecal IncontinenceFemaleIntervertebral Disc DisplacementMaleNucleus PulposusRetrospective StudiesSpinal Cord CompressionUrinary Incontinence

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31674064

Citation

Mari, Lorenzo, et al. "Predictors of Urinary or Fecal Incontinence in Dogs With Thoracolumbar Acute Non-compressive Nucleus Pulposus Extrusion." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, vol. 33, no. 6, 2019, pp. 2693-2700.
Mari L, Behr S, Shea A, et al. Predictors of urinary or fecal incontinence in dogs with thoracolumbar acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion. J Vet Intern Med. 2019;33(6):2693-2700.
Mari, L., Behr, S., Shea, A., Dominguez, E., Ricco, C., Alcoverro, E., Ekiri, A., Sanchez-Masian, D., & De Risio, L. (2019). Predictors of urinary or fecal incontinence in dogs with thoracolumbar acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 33(6), 2693-2700. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15626
Mari L, et al. Predictors of Urinary or Fecal Incontinence in Dogs With Thoracolumbar Acute Non-compressive Nucleus Pulposus Extrusion. J Vet Intern Med. 2019;33(6):2693-2700. PubMed PMID: 31674064.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Predictors of urinary or fecal incontinence in dogs with thoracolumbar acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion. AU - Mari,Lorenzo, AU - Behr,Sebastien, AU - Shea,Anita, AU - Dominguez,Elisabet, AU - Ricco,Cristoforo, AU - Alcoverro,Emili, AU - Ekiri,Abel, AU - Sanchez-Masian,Daniel, AU - De Risio,Luisa, Y1 - 2019/10/31/ PY - 2019/04/29/received PY - 2019/09/05/accepted PY - 2019/11/2/pubmed PY - 2020/3/27/medline PY - 2019/11/2/entrez KW - high-velocity intervertebral disc extrusion KW - neurogenic bowel dysfunction KW - nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs KW - spinal cord injury KW - spinal shock KW - traumatic intervertebral disc extrusion SP - 2693 EP - 2700 JF - Journal of veterinary internal medicine JO - J Vet Intern Med VL - 33 IS - 6 N2 - BACKGROUND: Urinary (UI) and fecal (FI) incontinence occur in up to 7.5% and 32% of dogs, respectively, after thoracolumbar acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE). HYPOTHESES/OBJECTIVES: To investigate clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic predictors of UI and FI in dogs with ANNPE affecting the T3-L3 spinal cord segments. ANIMALS: Hundred and eighty-seven dogs with T3-L3 ANNPE diagnosed based on clinical and MRI findings. METHODS: Multicenter retrospective study. Data were obtained from medical records and telephone questionnaires and analyzed by logistic regression. RESULTS: UI and FI were reported in 17 (9.1%) and 44 (23.5%) dogs, respectively. Paraplegic dogs were 3 times (95% CI = 1.25, 10.87) more likely to develop UI (P = .018) and 4 times (95% CI = 1.94, 12.56) more likely to develop FI (P = .001) compared to nonparaplegic dogs. Dogs with an intramedullary hyperintensity greater than 40% of the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord at the same level on transverse T2-weighted MRI images were 4 times more likely to develop UI (95% CI = 1.04, 21.72; P = .045) and FI (95% CI = 1.56, 10.39; P = .004) compared to dogs with smaller lesions. FI was 3 times (95% CI = 1.41, 7.93) more likely in dogs that were not treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) after diagnosis compared to dogs administered NSAIDs (P = .006) and 2 times (95% CI = 1.12, 5.98) more likely in dogs presented with clinical signs compatible with spinal shock compared to dogs without (P = .026). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The identification of clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic predictors of UI and FI in dogs with T3-L3 ANNPE can help to approach these autonomic dysfunctions occurring after spinal cord injury. SN - 1939-1676 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31674064/Predictors_of_urinary_or_fecal_incontinence_in_dogs_with_thoracolumbar_acute_non_compressive_nucleus_pulposus_extrusion_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15626 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -