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Vaccines for International Travel.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2019 11; 94(11):2314-2339.MC

Abstract

The pretravel management of the international traveler should be based on risk management principles. Prevention strategies and medical interventions should be based on the itinerary, preexisting health factors, and behaviors that are unique to the traveler. A structured approach to the patient interaction provides a general framework for an efficient consultation. Vaccine-preventable diseases play an important role in travel-related illnesses, and their impact is not restricted to exotic diseases in developing countries. Therefore, an immunization encounter before travel is an ideal time to update all age-appropriate immunizations as well as providing protection against diseases that pose additional risk to travelers that may be delineated by their destinations or activities. This review focuses on indications for each travel-related vaccine together with a structured synthesis and graphics that show the geographic distribution of major travel-related diseases and highlight particularly high-risk destinations and behaviors. Dosing, route of administration, need for boosters, and possible accelerated regimens for vaccines administered prior to travel are presented. Different underlying illnesses and medications produce different levels of immunocompromise, and there is much unknown in this discipline. Recommendations regarding vaccination of immunocompromised travelers have less of an evidence base than for other categories of travelers. The review presents a structured synthesis of issues pertinent to considerations for 5 special populations of traveler: child traveler, pregnant traveler, severely immunocompromised traveler, HIV-infected traveler, and traveler with other chronic underlying disease including asplenia, diabetes, and chronic liver disease.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Freedman DO
Division of Infectious Diseases, William C. Gorgas Center for Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Electronic address: dfreedman@uabmc.edu.
Chen LH
Division of Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

MeSH

AdultChildFemaleHumansPregnancyTravelTravel MedicineTravel-Related IllnessVaccinationVaccines

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31685156

Citation

Freedman, David O., and Lin H. Chen. "Vaccines for International Travel." Mayo Clinic Proceedings, vol. 94, no. 11, 2019, pp. 2314-2339.
Freedman DO, Chen LH. Vaccines for International Travel. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019;94(11):2314-2339.
Freedman, D. O., & Chen, L. H. (2019). Vaccines for International Travel. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 94(11), 2314-2339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.02.025
Freedman DO, Chen LH. Vaccines for International Travel. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019;94(11):2314-2339. PubMed PMID: 31685156.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Vaccines for International Travel. AU - Freedman,David O, AU - Chen,Lin H, PY - 2018/11/11/received PY - 2019/01/16/revised PY - 2019/02/14/accepted PY - 2019/11/6/entrez PY - 2019/11/7/pubmed PY - 2020/1/31/medline SP - 2314 EP - 2339 JF - Mayo Clinic proceedings JO - Mayo Clin Proc VL - 94 IS - 11 N2 - The pretravel management of the international traveler should be based on risk management principles. Prevention strategies and medical interventions should be based on the itinerary, preexisting health factors, and behaviors that are unique to the traveler. A structured approach to the patient interaction provides a general framework for an efficient consultation. Vaccine-preventable diseases play an important role in travel-related illnesses, and their impact is not restricted to exotic diseases in developing countries. Therefore, an immunization encounter before travel is an ideal time to update all age-appropriate immunizations as well as providing protection against diseases that pose additional risk to travelers that may be delineated by their destinations or activities. This review focuses on indications for each travel-related vaccine together with a structured synthesis and graphics that show the geographic distribution of major travel-related diseases and highlight particularly high-risk destinations and behaviors. Dosing, route of administration, need for boosters, and possible accelerated regimens for vaccines administered prior to travel are presented. Different underlying illnesses and medications produce different levels of immunocompromise, and there is much unknown in this discipline. Recommendations regarding vaccination of immunocompromised travelers have less of an evidence base than for other categories of travelers. The review presents a structured synthesis of issues pertinent to considerations for 5 special populations of traveler: child traveler, pregnant traveler, severely immunocompromised traveler, HIV-infected traveler, and traveler with other chronic underlying disease including asplenia, diabetes, and chronic liver disease. SN - 1942-5546 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31685156/Vaccines_for_International_Travel_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -