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Disparities in self-reported eating disorders and academic impairment in sexual and gender minority college students relative to their heterosexual and cisgender peers.
Int J Eat Disord. 2020 04; 53(4):513-524.IJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the current study was threefold: (a) compare rates of self-reported anorexia nervosa (AN), self-reported bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating pathology-specific academic impairment (EAI) by gender identity (cisgender men, cisgender women, transgender or genderqueer) and sexual orientation (gay or lesbian, bisexual, unsure, other), (b) examine associations between gender identity, sexual orientation, and eating outcomes, and (c) identify for whom rates of eating disorder diagnosis and impairment is greatest.

METHOD

The study includes a sample of Minnesota students (n = 13,906) who participated in the College Student Health Survey from 2015 to 2018. Chi-square tests with bootstrapping examined differences in eating pathology rates between groups. Adjusted logistic regressions tested the association between gender identity, sexual orientation, and self-reported eating outcomes.

RESULTS

Chi-square results revealed heightened rates of self-reported AN, self-reported BN, and EAI in cisgender women, transgender or genderqueer, and sexual minority (e.g., lesbian or bisexual) students. Logistic regression analyses in cisgender men and cisgender women revealed higher odds of self-reported AN, self-reported BN, and EAI in sexual minority students relative their heterosexual peers. Chi-square analyses indicated that bisexual cisgender women reported heightened rates of all three eating pathology measures relative to other sexual and/or gender (e.g., transgender) minority students.

DISCUSSION

Individuals with marginalized gender and/or sexual orientation identities report heightened rates of eating pathology, with cisgender bisexual women reporting the poorest outcomes relative to individuals from other marginalized identities. Preventive efforts and more research are needed to understand the mechanisms driving this disparity and to reduce prevalence among marginalized groups.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Simone M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Askew A
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Lust K
Boynton Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Eisenberg ME
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Pisetsky EM
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAgedFeeding and Eating DisordersFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHeterosexualityHumansMaleMiddle AgedSexual and Gender MinoritiesStudentsTransgender PersonsYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31943285

Citation

Simone, Melissa, et al. "Disparities in Self-reported Eating Disorders and Academic Impairment in Sexual and Gender Minority College Students Relative to Their Heterosexual and Cisgender Peers." The International Journal of Eating Disorders, vol. 53, no. 4, 2020, pp. 513-524.
Simone M, Askew A, Lust K, et al. Disparities in self-reported eating disorders and academic impairment in sexual and gender minority college students relative to their heterosexual and cisgender peers. Int J Eat Disord. 2020;53(4):513-524.
Simone, M., Askew, A., Lust, K., Eisenberg, M. E., & Pisetsky, E. M. (2020). Disparities in self-reported eating disorders and academic impairment in sexual and gender minority college students relative to their heterosexual and cisgender peers. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53(4), 513-524. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23226
Simone M, et al. Disparities in Self-reported Eating Disorders and Academic Impairment in Sexual and Gender Minority College Students Relative to Their Heterosexual and Cisgender Peers. Int J Eat Disord. 2020;53(4):513-524. PubMed PMID: 31943285.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Disparities in self-reported eating disorders and academic impairment in sexual and gender minority college students relative to their heterosexual and cisgender peers. AU - Simone,Melissa, AU - Askew,Autumn, AU - Lust,Katherine, AU - Eisenberg,Marla E, AU - Pisetsky,Emily M, Y1 - 2020/01/14/ PY - 2019/09/09/received PY - 2019/12/16/revised PY - 2020/01/05/accepted PY - 2020/1/17/pubmed PY - 2020/11/11/medline PY - 2020/1/17/entrez KW - anorexia nervosa KW - bulimia nervosa KW - disparities KW - gender identity KW - sexual and gender minorities SP - 513 EP - 524 JF - The International journal of eating disorders JO - Int J Eat Disord VL - 53 IS - 4 N2 - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was threefold: (a) compare rates of self-reported anorexia nervosa (AN), self-reported bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating pathology-specific academic impairment (EAI) by gender identity (cisgender men, cisgender women, transgender or genderqueer) and sexual orientation (gay or lesbian, bisexual, unsure, other), (b) examine associations between gender identity, sexual orientation, and eating outcomes, and (c) identify for whom rates of eating disorder diagnosis and impairment is greatest. METHOD: The study includes a sample of Minnesota students (n = 13,906) who participated in the College Student Health Survey from 2015 to 2018. Chi-square tests with bootstrapping examined differences in eating pathology rates between groups. Adjusted logistic regressions tested the association between gender identity, sexual orientation, and self-reported eating outcomes. RESULTS: Chi-square results revealed heightened rates of self-reported AN, self-reported BN, and EAI in cisgender women, transgender or genderqueer, and sexual minority (e.g., lesbian or bisexual) students. Logistic regression analyses in cisgender men and cisgender women revealed higher odds of self-reported AN, self-reported BN, and EAI in sexual minority students relative their heterosexual peers. Chi-square analyses indicated that bisexual cisgender women reported heightened rates of all three eating pathology measures relative to other sexual and/or gender (e.g., transgender) minority students. DISCUSSION: Individuals with marginalized gender and/or sexual orientation identities report heightened rates of eating pathology, with cisgender bisexual women reporting the poorest outcomes relative to individuals from other marginalized identities. Preventive efforts and more research are needed to understand the mechanisms driving this disparity and to reduce prevalence among marginalized groups. SN - 1098-108X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31943285/Disparities_in_self_reported_eating_disorders_and_academic_impairment_in_sexual_and_gender_minority_college_students_relative_to_their_heterosexual_and_cisgender_peers_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -