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The Moss Leptodictyum riparium Counteracts Severe Cadmium Stress by Activation of Glutathione Transferase and Phytochelatin Synthase, but Slightly by Phytochelatins.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 26; 21(5)IJ

Abstract

In the present work, we investigated the response to Cd in Leptodictyum riparium, a cosmopolitan moss (Bryophyta) that can accumulate higher amounts of metals than other plants, even angiosperms, with absence or slight apparent damage. High-performance liquid chromatography followed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of extracts from L. riparium gametophytes, exposed to 0, 36 and 360 µM Cd for 7 days, revealed the presence of γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-EC), reduced glutathione (GSH), and traces of phytochelatins. The increase in Cd concentrations progressively augmented reactive oxygen species levels, with activation of both antioxidant (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and detoxifying (glutathione-S-transferase) enzymes. After Cd treatment, cytosolic and vacuolar localization of thiol peptides was performed by means of the fluorescent dye monochlorobimane and subsequent observation with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The cytosolic fluorescence observed with the highest Cd concentrations was also consistent with the formation of γ-EC-bimane in the cytosol, possibly catalyzed by the peptidase activity of the L. riparium phytochelatin synthase. On the whole, activation of phytochelatin synthase and glutathione-S-transferase, but minimally phytochelatin synthesis, play a role to counteract Cd toxicity in L. riparium, in this manner minimizing the cellular damage caused by the metal. This study strengthens previous investigations on the L. riparium ability to efficiently hinder metal pollution, hinting at a potential use for biomonitoring and phytoremediation purposes.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Bellini E
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy. Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
Maresca V
Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy.
Betti C
Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Castiglione MR
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Fontanini D
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Capocchi A
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Sorce C
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Borsò M
Department of Surgery, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Bruno L
Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
Sorbo S
Centro di Servizi Metrologici Avanzati (CeSMA), Microscopy Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126 Naples, Italy.
Basile A
Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy.
Sanità di Toppi L
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

MeSH

AminoacyltransferasesAntioxidantsBiodegradation, EnvironmentalBiological MonitoringBryopsidaCadmiumCell WallChlorophyllGerm Cells, PlantGlutathioneGlutathione TransferaseMetalsPhytochelatinsReactive Oxygen SpeciesStress, Physiological

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32111035

Citation

Bellini, Erika, et al. "The Moss Leptodictyum Riparium Counteracts Severe Cadmium Stress By Activation of Glutathione Transferase and Phytochelatin Synthase, but Slightly By Phytochelatins." International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 21, no. 5, 2020.
Bellini E, Maresca V, Betti C, et al. The Moss Leptodictyum riparium Counteracts Severe Cadmium Stress by Activation of Glutathione Transferase and Phytochelatin Synthase, but Slightly by Phytochelatins. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(5).
Bellini, E., Maresca, V., Betti, C., Castiglione, M. R., Fontanini, D., Capocchi, A., Sorce, C., Borsò, M., Bruno, L., Sorbo, S., Basile, A., & Sanità di Toppi, L. (2020). The Moss Leptodictyum riparium Counteracts Severe Cadmium Stress by Activation of Glutathione Transferase and Phytochelatin Synthase, but Slightly by Phytochelatins. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051583
Bellini E, et al. The Moss Leptodictyum Riparium Counteracts Severe Cadmium Stress By Activation of Glutathione Transferase and Phytochelatin Synthase, but Slightly By Phytochelatins. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 26;21(5) PubMed PMID: 32111035.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - The Moss Leptodictyum riparium Counteracts Severe Cadmium Stress by Activation of Glutathione Transferase and Phytochelatin Synthase, but Slightly by Phytochelatins. AU - Bellini,Erika, AU - Maresca,Viviana, AU - Betti,Camilla, AU - Castiglione,Monica Ruffini, AU - Fontanini,Debora, AU - Capocchi,Antonella, AU - Sorce,Carlo, AU - Borsò,Marco, AU - Bruno,Laura, AU - Sorbo,Sergio, AU - Basile,Adriana, AU - Sanità di Toppi,Luigi, Y1 - 2020/02/26/ PY - 2020/01/20/received PY - 2020/02/21/revised PY - 2020/02/24/accepted PY - 2020/3/1/entrez PY - 2020/3/1/pubmed PY - 2020/12/15/medline KW - Leptodictyum riparium KW - ROS KW - bryophytes KW - cadmium KW - glutathione KW - metals KW - monochlorobimane KW - phytochelatins KW - γ-glutamylcysteine JF - International journal of molecular sciences JO - Int J Mol Sci VL - 21 IS - 5 N2 - In the present work, we investigated the response to Cd in Leptodictyum riparium, a cosmopolitan moss (Bryophyta) that can accumulate higher amounts of metals than other plants, even angiosperms, with absence or slight apparent damage. High-performance liquid chromatography followed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of extracts from L. riparium gametophytes, exposed to 0, 36 and 360 µM Cd for 7 days, revealed the presence of γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-EC), reduced glutathione (GSH), and traces of phytochelatins. The increase in Cd concentrations progressively augmented reactive oxygen species levels, with activation of both antioxidant (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and detoxifying (glutathione-S-transferase) enzymes. After Cd treatment, cytosolic and vacuolar localization of thiol peptides was performed by means of the fluorescent dye monochlorobimane and subsequent observation with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The cytosolic fluorescence observed with the highest Cd concentrations was also consistent with the formation of γ-EC-bimane in the cytosol, possibly catalyzed by the peptidase activity of the L. riparium phytochelatin synthase. On the whole, activation of phytochelatin synthase and glutathione-S-transferase, but minimally phytochelatin synthesis, play a role to counteract Cd toxicity in L. riparium, in this manner minimizing the cellular damage caused by the metal. This study strengthens previous investigations on the L. riparium ability to efficiently hinder metal pollution, hinting at a potential use for biomonitoring and phytoremediation purposes. SN - 1422-0067 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32111035/The_Moss_Leptodictyum_riparium_Counteracts_Severe_Cadmium_Stress_by_Activation_of_Glutathione_Transferase_and_Phytochelatin_Synthase_but_Slightly_by_Phytochelatins_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -