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Immune responses and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during an outbreak in Iran: Comparison with SARS and MERS.
Rev Med Virol. 2020 05; 30(3):e2107.RM

Abstract

The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of COVID-19, an outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, an important pathogen for humans. There is an urgent need to better understand this new virus and to develop ways to control its spread. In Iran, the first case of the COVID-19 was reported after spread from China and other countries. Fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms of this virus. In worldwide, the incubation period of COVID-19 was 3 to 7 days and approximately 80% of infections are mild or asymptomatic, 15% are severe, requiring oxygen, and 5% are critical infections, requiring ventilation. To mount an antiviral response, the innate immune system recognizes molecular structures that are produced by the invasion of the virus. COVID-19 infection induces IgG antibodies against N protein that can be detected by serum as early as day 4 after the onset of disease and with most patients seroconverting by day 14. Laboratory evidence of clinical patients showed that a specific T-cell response against SARS-CoV-2 is important for the recognition and killing of infected cells, particularly in the lungs of infected individuals. At present, there is no specific antiviral therapy for COVID-19 and the main treatments are supportive. In this review, we investigated the innate and acquired immune responses in patients who recovered from COVID-19, which could inform the design of prophylactic vaccines and immunotherapy for the future.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Rokni M
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Immunology, Buali Hospital of Laboratory, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Ghasemi V
Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. School of Medicine, Asad Abad university of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Tavakoli Z
Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran.

MeSH

Antibodies, ViralBetacoronavirusCOVID-19Coronavirus InfectionsHumansImmunity, CellularImmunity, HumoralImmunity, InnateIranMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome CoronavirusPandemicsPneumonia, ViralSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusSARS-CoV-2

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32267987

Citation

Rokni, Mohsen, et al. "Immune Responses and Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 During an Outbreak in Iran: Comparison With SARS and MERS." Reviews in Medical Virology, vol. 30, no. 3, 2020, pp. e2107.
Rokni M, Ghasemi V, Tavakoli Z. Immune responses and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during an outbreak in Iran: Comparison with SARS and MERS. Rev Med Virol. 2020;30(3):e2107.
Rokni, M., Ghasemi, V., & Tavakoli, Z. (2020). Immune responses and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during an outbreak in Iran: Comparison with SARS and MERS. Reviews in Medical Virology, 30(3), e2107. https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2107
Rokni M, Ghasemi V, Tavakoli Z. Immune Responses and Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 During an Outbreak in Iran: Comparison With SARS and MERS. Rev Med Virol. 2020;30(3):e2107. PubMed PMID: 32267987.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Immune responses and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during an outbreak in Iran: Comparison with SARS and MERS. AU - Rokni,Mohsen, AU - Ghasemi,Vida, AU - Tavakoli,Zahra, Y1 - 2020/04/08/ PY - 2020/03/11/received PY - 2020/03/21/revised PY - 2020/03/24/accepted PY - 2020/4/9/pubmed PY - 2020/5/20/medline PY - 2020/4/9/entrez KW - 2019-nCoV disease KW - B cell KW - COVID-19 KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - T cell KW - coronavirus KW - immunity SP - e2107 EP - e2107 JF - Reviews in medical virology JO - Rev Med Virol VL - 30 IS - 3 N2 - The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of COVID-19, an outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, an important pathogen for humans. There is an urgent need to better understand this new virus and to develop ways to control its spread. In Iran, the first case of the COVID-19 was reported after spread from China and other countries. Fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms of this virus. In worldwide, the incubation period of COVID-19 was 3 to 7 days and approximately 80% of infections are mild or asymptomatic, 15% are severe, requiring oxygen, and 5% are critical infections, requiring ventilation. To mount an antiviral response, the innate immune system recognizes molecular structures that are produced by the invasion of the virus. COVID-19 infection induces IgG antibodies against N protein that can be detected by serum as early as day 4 after the onset of disease and with most patients seroconverting by day 14. Laboratory evidence of clinical patients showed that a specific T-cell response against SARS-CoV-2 is important for the recognition and killing of infected cells, particularly in the lungs of infected individuals. At present, there is no specific antiviral therapy for COVID-19 and the main treatments are supportive. In this review, we investigated the innate and acquired immune responses in patients who recovered from COVID-19, which could inform the design of prophylactic vaccines and immunotherapy for the future. SN - 1099-1654 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32267987/Immune_responses_and_pathogenesis_of_SARS_CoV_2_during_an_outbreak_in_Iran:_Comparison_with_SARS_and_MERS_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -