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Sodium status and kidney involvement during COVID-19 infection.
Virus Res. 2020 09; 286:198034.VR

Abstract

The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) is expressed in epithelial cells of many tissues including the kidney, and has been identified to interact with human pathogenic coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Although diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure are the main features of COVID-19 infection, two recent studies demonstrate that kidney impairment in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is common, and that kidney involvement is associated with high risk of in-hospital death. Interestingly, studies in rats have demonstrated that high dietary sodium intake results in down-regulation of the ACE2 expression in kidney tissue. We hypothesize that low sodium status makes kidney involvement during the course of COVID-19 infection more likely due to upregulation of membrane bound ACE2 in the kidneys. We propose that sodium intake and status should be monitored carefully during severe COVID-19 infections, and that low sodium intake be corrected early in its course, despite a potential conflict regarding common dietary recommendations to restrict dietary sodium intake in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and kidney disease.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Post A
Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.post01@umcg.nl.
Dullaart RPF
Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands. Electronic address: dull.fam@12move.nl.
Bakker SJL
Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands. Electronic address: s.j.l.bakker@umcg.nl.

MeSH

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2AnimalsBetacoronavirusCOVID-19Coronavirus InfectionsEpithelial CellsGene Expression RegulationHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansHypertensionKidneyLungPandemicsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase APneumonia, ViralProtein BindingRatsRats, Inbred SHRSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness IndexSodium, DietarySpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32445872

Citation

Post, Adrian, et al. "Sodium Status and Kidney Involvement During COVID-19 Infection." Virus Research, vol. 286, 2020, p. 198034.
Post A, Dullaart RPF, Bakker SJL. Sodium status and kidney involvement during COVID-19 infection. Virus Res. 2020;286:198034.
Post, A., Dullaart, R. P. F., & Bakker, S. J. L. (2020). Sodium status and kidney involvement during COVID-19 infection. Virus Research, 286, 198034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198034
Post A, Dullaart RPF, Bakker SJL. Sodium Status and Kidney Involvement During COVID-19 Infection. Virus Res. 2020;286:198034. PubMed PMID: 32445872.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Sodium status and kidney involvement during COVID-19 infection. AU - Post,Adrian, AU - Dullaart,Robin P F, AU - Bakker,Stephan J L, Y1 - 2020/05/21/ PY - 2020/05/11/received PY - 2020/05/17/revised PY - 2020/05/18/accepted PY - 2020/5/24/pubmed PY - 2020/9/9/medline PY - 2020/5/24/entrez KW - ACE2 receptor KW - COVID-19 KW - Kidney KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - Sodium SP - 198034 EP - 198034 JF - Virus research JO - Virus Res VL - 286 N2 - The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) is expressed in epithelial cells of many tissues including the kidney, and has been identified to interact with human pathogenic coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Although diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure are the main features of COVID-19 infection, two recent studies demonstrate that kidney impairment in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is common, and that kidney involvement is associated with high risk of in-hospital death. Interestingly, studies in rats have demonstrated that high dietary sodium intake results in down-regulation of the ACE2 expression in kidney tissue. We hypothesize that low sodium status makes kidney involvement during the course of COVID-19 infection more likely due to upregulation of membrane bound ACE2 in the kidneys. We propose that sodium intake and status should be monitored carefully during severe COVID-19 infections, and that low sodium intake be corrected early in its course, despite a potential conflict regarding common dietary recommendations to restrict dietary sodium intake in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and kidney disease. SN - 1872-7492 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32445872/Sodium_status_and_kidney_involvement_during_COVID_19_infection_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -