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Assessing the relationship between surface levels of PM2.5 and PM10 particulate matter impact on COVID-19 in Milan, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Oct 10; 738:139825.ST

Abstract

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly pathogenic, transmittable and invasive pneumococcal disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in December 2019 and January 2020 in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China and fast spread later on the middle of February 2020 in the Northern part of Italy and Europe. This study investigates the correlation between the degree of accelerated diffusion and lethality of COVID-19 and the surface air pollution in Milan metropolitan area, Lombardy region, Italy. Daily average concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM) in two size fractions PM2.5, PM10 and maxima PM10 ground level atmospheric pollutants together air quality and climate variables (daily average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, atmospheric pressure field and Planetary Boundary Layer-PBL height) collected during 1 January-30 April 2020 were analyzed. In spite of being considered primarily transmitted by indoor bioaerosols droplets and infected surfaces, or direct human-to-human personal contacts, it seems that high levels of urban air pollution, weather and specific climate conditions have a significant impact on the increased rates of confirmed COVID-19 Total number, Daily New and Total Deaths cases, possible attributed not only to indoor but also to outdoor airborne bioaerosols distribution. Our analysis demonstrates the strong influence of daily averaged ground levels of particulate matter concentrations, positively associated with average surface air temperature and inversely related to air relative humidity on COVID-19 cases outbreak in Milan. Being a novel pandemic coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) version, COVID-19 might be ongoing during summer conditions associated with higher temperatures and low humidity levels. Presently is not clear if this protein "spike" of the new coronavirus COVID-19 is involved through attachment mechanisms on indoor or outdoor airborne aerosols in the infectious agent transmission from a reservoir to a susceptible host in some agglomerated urban areas like Milan is.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Zoran MA
IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest 077125, Romania. Electronic address: mzoran@inoe.ro.
Savastru RS
IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest 077125, Romania.
Savastru DM
IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest 077125, Romania.
Tautan MN
IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest 077125, Romania.

MeSH

Air PollutantsAir PollutionBetacoronavirusCOVID-19ChinaCitiesCoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsEuropeHumansItalyPandemicsParticulate MatterPneumonia, ViralSARS-CoV-2

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32512362

Citation

Zoran, Maria A., et al. "Assessing the Relationship Between Surface Levels of PM2.5 and PM10 Particulate Matter Impact On COVID-19 in Milan, Italy." The Science of the Total Environment, vol. 738, 2020, p. 139825.
Zoran MA, Savastru RS, Savastru DM, et al. Assessing the relationship between surface levels of PM2.5 and PM10 particulate matter impact on COVID-19 in Milan, Italy. Sci Total Environ. 2020;738:139825.
Zoran, M. A., Savastru, R. S., Savastru, D. M., & Tautan, M. N. (2020). Assessing the relationship between surface levels of PM2.5 and PM10 particulate matter impact on COVID-19 in Milan, Italy. The Science of the Total Environment, 738, 139825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139825
Zoran MA, et al. Assessing the Relationship Between Surface Levels of PM2.5 and PM10 Particulate Matter Impact On COVID-19 in Milan, Italy. Sci Total Environ. 2020 Oct 10;738:139825. PubMed PMID: 32512362.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the relationship between surface levels of PM2.5 and PM10 particulate matter impact on COVID-19 in Milan, Italy. AU - Zoran,Maria A, AU - Savastru,Roxana S, AU - Savastru,Dan M, AU - Tautan,Marina N, Y1 - 2020/06/02/ PY - 2020/05/10/received PY - 2020/05/28/accepted PY - 2020/6/9/pubmed PY - 2020/8/19/medline PY - 2020/6/9/entrez KW - Air quality KW - Coronavirus COVID-19 KW - Meteorological parameters KW - NOAA satellite data KW - Particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) SP - 139825 EP - 139825 JF - The Science of the total environment JO - Sci Total Environ VL - 738 N2 - The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly pathogenic, transmittable and invasive pneumococcal disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in December 2019 and January 2020 in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China and fast spread later on the middle of February 2020 in the Northern part of Italy and Europe. This study investigates the correlation between the degree of accelerated diffusion and lethality of COVID-19 and the surface air pollution in Milan metropolitan area, Lombardy region, Italy. Daily average concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM) in two size fractions PM2.5, PM10 and maxima PM10 ground level atmospheric pollutants together air quality and climate variables (daily average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, atmospheric pressure field and Planetary Boundary Layer-PBL height) collected during 1 January-30 April 2020 were analyzed. In spite of being considered primarily transmitted by indoor bioaerosols droplets and infected surfaces, or direct human-to-human personal contacts, it seems that high levels of urban air pollution, weather and specific climate conditions have a significant impact on the increased rates of confirmed COVID-19 Total number, Daily New and Total Deaths cases, possible attributed not only to indoor but also to outdoor airborne bioaerosols distribution. Our analysis demonstrates the strong influence of daily averaged ground levels of particulate matter concentrations, positively associated with average surface air temperature and inversely related to air relative humidity on COVID-19 cases outbreak in Milan. Being a novel pandemic coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) version, COVID-19 might be ongoing during summer conditions associated with higher temperatures and low humidity levels. Presently is not clear if this protein "spike" of the new coronavirus COVID-19 is involved through attachment mechanisms on indoor or outdoor airborne aerosols in the infectious agent transmission from a reservoir to a susceptible host in some agglomerated urban areas like Milan is. SN - 1879-1026 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32512362/Assessing_the_relationship_between_surface_levels_of_PM2_5_and_PM10_particulate_matter_impact_on_COVID_19_in_Milan_Italy_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -