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MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infections in animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies.
Infez Med. 2020 Jun 01; 28(suppl 1):71-83.IM

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Coronaviruses are zoonotic viruses that include human epidemic pathogens such as the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome virus (MERS-CoV), and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus (SARS-CoV), among others (e.g., COVID-19, the recently emerging coronavirus disease). The role of animals as potential reservoirs for such pathogens remains an unanswered question. No systematic reviews have been published on this topic to date.

METHODS

We performed a systematic literature review with meta-analysis, using three databases to assess MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infection in animals and its diagnosis by serological and molecular tests. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).

RESULTS

6,493articles were retrieved (1960-2019). After screening by abstract/title, 50 articles were selected for full-text assessment. Of them, 42 were finally included for qualitative and quantitative analyses. From a total of 34 studies (n=20,896 animals), the pool prevalence by RT-PCR for MERS-CoV was 7.2% (95%CI 5.6-8.7%), with 97.3% occurring in camels, in which pool prevalence was 10.3% (95%CI 8.3-12.3). Qatar was the country with the highest MERS-CoV RT-PCR pool prevalence: 32.6% (95%CI 4.8-60.4%). From 5 studies and 2,618 animals, for SARS-CoV, the RT-PCR pool prevalence was 2.3% (95%CI 1.3-3.3). Of those, 38.35% were reported on bats, in which the pool prevalence was 14.1% (95%CI0.0-44.6%).

DISCUSSION

A considerable proportion of infected animals tested positive, particularly by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT). This essential condition highlights the relevance of individual animals as reservoirs of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. In this meta-analysis, camels and bats were found to be positive by RT-PCR in over 10% of the cases for both; thus, suggesting their relevance in the maintenance of wild zoonotic transmission.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Bonilla-Aldana DK
Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Grupo de Investigación BIOECOS, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Comittee on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
Cardona-Trujillo MC
Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Infección e Inmunidad, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda,, Colombia.
García-Barco A
Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Holguin-Rivera Y
Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Cortes-Bonilla I
Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Bedoya-Arias HA
Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Patiño-Cadavid LJ
Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Tamayo-Orozco JD
Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Paniz-Mondolfi A
Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-based Medicine, The Mount Sinai Hospital-Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Laboratorio de Señalización Celular y Bioquímica de Parásitos, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados (IDEA), Caracas, DC, Venezuela; Academia Nacional de Medicina, Caracas, Venezuela; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas IDB / Incubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia, Cabudare, Edo. Lara, Venezuela.
Zambrano LI
Departments of Physiological and Morphological Sciences, School of Medical, Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
Dhama K
Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Sah R
Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Rabaan AA
Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Balbin-Ramon GJ
Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru; Hospital de Emergencias Jose Casimiro Ulloa, Lima, Peru.
Rodriguez-Morales AJ
Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Grupo de Investigación BIOECOS, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Comittee on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, Bogotá, DC, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Infección e Inmunidad, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru; Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.

MeSH

AnimalsAnimals, DomesticAnimals, WildAntibodies, ViralCamelusChiropteraCoronavirus InfectionsCross-Sectional StudiesDisease ReservoirsHost SpecificityHumansMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome CoronavirusPrevalencePrimate DiseasesPrimatesRNA, ViralReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRodent DiseasesRodentiaSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusSerologic TestsSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeZoonoses

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Systematic Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32532942

Citation

Bonilla-Aldana, D Katterine, et al. "MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV Infections in Animals: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prevalence Studies." Le Infezioni in Medicina, vol. 28, no. suppl 1, 2020, pp. 71-83.
Bonilla-Aldana DK, Cardona-Trujillo MC, García-Barco A, et al. MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infections in animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies. Infez Med. 2020;28(suppl 1):71-83.
Bonilla-Aldana, D. K., Cardona-Trujillo, M. C., García-Barco, A., Holguin-Rivera, Y., Cortes-Bonilla, I., Bedoya-Arias, H. A., Patiño-Cadavid, L. J., Tamayo-Orozco, J. D., Paniz-Mondolfi, A., Zambrano, L. I., Dhama, K., Sah, R., Rabaan, A. A., Balbin-Ramon, G. J., & Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. (2020). MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infections in animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies. Le Infezioni in Medicina, 28(suppl 1), 71-83.
Bonilla-Aldana DK, et al. MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV Infections in Animals: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prevalence Studies. Infez Med. 2020 Jun 1;28(suppl 1):71-83. PubMed PMID: 32532942.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infections in animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies. AU - Bonilla-Aldana,D Katterine, AU - Cardona-Trujillo,María C, AU - García-Barco,Alejandra, AU - Holguin-Rivera,Yeimer, AU - Cortes-Bonilla,Isabella, AU - Bedoya-Arias,Hugo A, AU - Patiño-Cadavid,Leidy Jhoana, AU - Tamayo-Orozco,Juan David, AU - Paniz-Mondolfi,Alberto, AU - Zambrano,Lysien I, AU - Dhama,Kuldeep, AU - Sah,Ranjit, AU - Rabaan,Ali A, AU - Balbin-Ramon,Graciela J, AU - Rodriguez-Morales,Alfonso J, PY - 2020/6/14/entrez PY - 2020/6/14/pubmed PY - 2020/6/23/medline SP - 71 EP - 83 JF - Le infezioni in medicina JO - Infez Med VL - 28 IS - suppl 1 N2 - INTRODUCTION: Coronaviruses are zoonotic viruses that include human epidemic pathogens such as the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome virus (MERS-CoV), and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus (SARS-CoV), among others (e.g., COVID-19, the recently emerging coronavirus disease). The role of animals as potential reservoirs for such pathogens remains an unanswered question. No systematic reviews have been published on this topic to date. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature review with meta-analysis, using three databases to assess MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infection in animals and its diagnosis by serological and molecular tests. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). RESULTS: 6,493articles were retrieved (1960-2019). After screening by abstract/title, 50 articles were selected for full-text assessment. Of them, 42 were finally included for qualitative and quantitative analyses. From a total of 34 studies (n=20,896 animals), the pool prevalence by RT-PCR for MERS-CoV was 7.2% (95%CI 5.6-8.7%), with 97.3% occurring in camels, in which pool prevalence was 10.3% (95%CI 8.3-12.3). Qatar was the country with the highest MERS-CoV RT-PCR pool prevalence: 32.6% (95%CI 4.8-60.4%). From 5 studies and 2,618 animals, for SARS-CoV, the RT-PCR pool prevalence was 2.3% (95%CI 1.3-3.3). Of those, 38.35% were reported on bats, in which the pool prevalence was 14.1% (95%CI0.0-44.6%). DISCUSSION: A considerable proportion of infected animals tested positive, particularly by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT). This essential condition highlights the relevance of individual animals as reservoirs of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. In this meta-analysis, camels and bats were found to be positive by RT-PCR in over 10% of the cases for both; thus, suggesting their relevance in the maintenance of wild zoonotic transmission. SN - 2532-8689 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32532942/MERS_CoV_and_SARS_CoV_infections_in_animals:_a_systematic_review_and_meta_analysis_of_prevalence_studies_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -