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Consistent localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 over TMPRSS2 predominance in placental villi of 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads.
Placenta. 2020 10; 100:69-74.P

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant global health impact, rates of maternal to infant vertical transmission remain low (<5%). Parenchymal changes of placentas from COVID-19 infected mothers have been reported by several groups, but the localization and relative abundance of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins and cellular entry machinery has not been fully characterized within larger placental tissue cohorts.

METHODS

An extended placental tissue cohort including samples from 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads (with n = 5 cases with evidence of fetal transmission) in comparison with 10 contemporary COVID-19 negative controls. Using comparative immunofluorescence, we examined the localization and relative tissue abundance of SARS-CoV2 spike glycoprotein (CoV2 SP) along with the co-localization of two SARS-CoV2 viral entry proteins angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2).

RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS

CoV2 SP was present within the villous placenta in COVID-19 positive pregnancies with and without evidence of fetal transmission. We further identified the predominance of ACE2 expression in comparison with TMPRSS2. Importantly, both CoV2 SP and ACE2 expression consistently localized primarily within the outer syncytiotrophoblast layer placental villi, a key physiologic interface between mother and fetus. Overall this study provides an important basis for the ongoing evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 physiology in pregnancy and highlights the importance of the placenta as a key source of primary human tissue for ongoing diagnostic and therapeutic research efforts to reduce the global burden of COVID-19.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Taglauer E
Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. Electronic address: Elizabeth.Taglauer@childrens.harvard.edu.
Benarroch Y
Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. Electronic address: ybena@bu.edu.
Rop K
Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02119, USA.
Barnett E
Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, 801 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02119, USA. Electronic address: Elizabeth.Barnett@bmc.org.
Sabharwal V
Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, 801 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02119, USA. Electronic address: Vishakha.Sabharwal@bmc.org.
Yarrington C
Departmentof Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston Medical Center, 720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. Electronic address: Christina.Yarrington@bmc.org.
Wachman EM
Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, 801 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02119, USA. Electronic address: Elisha.Wachman@bmc.org.

MeSH

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2BetacoronavirusCOVID-19Chorionic VilliCoronavirus InfectionsFemaleFetusFluorescent Antibody TechniqueHumansInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalPandemicsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase APlacentaPneumonia, ViralPregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousReceptors, VirusSARS-CoV-2Serine EndopeptidasesSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusTrophoblasts

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32862058

Citation

Taglauer, Elizabeth, et al. "Consistent Localization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and ACE2 Over TMPRSS2 Predominance in Placental Villi of 15 COVID-19 Positive Maternal-fetal Dyads." Placenta, vol. 100, 2020, pp. 69-74.
Taglauer E, Benarroch Y, Rop K, et al. Consistent localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 over TMPRSS2 predominance in placental villi of 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads. Placenta. 2020;100:69-74.
Taglauer, E., Benarroch, Y., Rop, K., Barnett, E., Sabharwal, V., Yarrington, C., & Wachman, E. M. (2020). Consistent localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 over TMPRSS2 predominance in placental villi of 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads. Placenta, 100, 69-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2020.08.015
Taglauer E, et al. Consistent Localization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and ACE2 Over TMPRSS2 Predominance in Placental Villi of 15 COVID-19 Positive Maternal-fetal Dyads. Placenta. 2020;100:69-74. PubMed PMID: 32862058.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Consistent localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 over TMPRSS2 predominance in placental villi of 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads. AU - Taglauer,Elizabeth, AU - Benarroch,Yoel, AU - Rop,Kevin, AU - Barnett,Elizabeth, AU - Sabharwal,Vishakha, AU - Yarrington,Christina, AU - Wachman,Elisha M, Y1 - 2020/08/25/ PY - 2020/08/11/received PY - 2020/08/19/accepted PY - 2020/8/31/pubmed PY - 2020/10/8/medline PY - 2020/8/31/entrez KW - ACE2 KW - COVID-19 KW - Placenta KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - TMPRSS2 KW - Vertical transmission SP - 69 EP - 74 JF - Placenta JO - Placenta VL - 100 N2 - INTRODUCTION: While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant global health impact, rates of maternal to infant vertical transmission remain low (<5%). Parenchymal changes of placentas from COVID-19 infected mothers have been reported by several groups, but the localization and relative abundance of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins and cellular entry machinery has not been fully characterized within larger placental tissue cohorts. METHODS: An extended placental tissue cohort including samples from 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads (with n = 5 cases with evidence of fetal transmission) in comparison with 10 contemporary COVID-19 negative controls. Using comparative immunofluorescence, we examined the localization and relative tissue abundance of SARS-CoV2 spike glycoprotein (CoV2 SP) along with the co-localization of two SARS-CoV2 viral entry proteins angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: CoV2 SP was present within the villous placenta in COVID-19 positive pregnancies with and without evidence of fetal transmission. We further identified the predominance of ACE2 expression in comparison with TMPRSS2. Importantly, both CoV2 SP and ACE2 expression consistently localized primarily within the outer syncytiotrophoblast layer placental villi, a key physiologic interface between mother and fetus. Overall this study provides an important basis for the ongoing evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 physiology in pregnancy and highlights the importance of the placenta as a key source of primary human tissue for ongoing diagnostic and therapeutic research efforts to reduce the global burden of COVID-19. SN - 1532-3102 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32862058/Consistent_localization_of_SARS_CoV_2_spike_glycoprotein_and_ACE2_over_TMPRSS2_predominance_in_placental_villi_of_15_COVID_19_positive_maternal_fetal_dyads_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -