Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Review of Clinical Evidence.
Infect Chemother. 2020 Sep; 52(3):317-334.IC

Abstract

Coronaviruses have caused serious Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, and only remdesivir has been recently indicated for the treatment of COVID-19. In the line of therapeutic options for SARS and MERS, this study aims to summarize the current clinical evidence of treatment options for COVID-19. In general, the combination of antibiotics, ribavirin, and corticosteroids was considered as a standard treatment for patients with SARS. The addition of this conventional treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir, interferon, and convalescent plasma showed potential clinical improvement. For patients with MERS, ribavirin, lopinavir/ritonavir, interferon, and convalescent plasma were continuously recommended. However, a high-dose of corticosteroid was suggested for severe cases only. The use of lopinavir/ritonavir and convalescent plasma was commonly reported. There was limited evidence for the effect of corticosteroids, other antiviral drugs like ribavirin, and favipiravir. Monoclonal antibody of tocilizumab and antimalarial agents of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were also introduced. Among antibiotics for infection therapy, azithromycin was suggested. In conclusion, this study showed the up-to-date evidence of treatment options for COVID-19 that is helpful for the therapy selection and the development of further guidelines and recommendations. Updates of on-going clinical trials and observational studies may confirm the current findings.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Hoang T

Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Korea.

Anh TTT

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nghe An Oncology Hospital, Nghe An, Vietnam. trananhthohmu@gmail.com.

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32869558

Citation

Hoang, Tung, and Tho Tran Thi Anh. "Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Review of Clinical Evidence." Infection & Chemotherapy, vol. 52, no. 3, 2020, pp. 317-334.

Hoang T, Anh TTT. Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Review of Clinical Evidence. Infect Chemother. 2020;52(3):317-334.

Hoang, T., & Anh, T. T. T. (2020). Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Review of Clinical Evidence. Infection & Chemotherapy, 52(3), 317-334. https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2020.52.3.317

* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case

TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Review of Clinical Evidence. AU - Hoang,Tung, AU - Anh,Tho Tran Thi, Y1 - 2020/09/16/ PY - 2020/05/16/received PY - 2020/06/15/accepted PY - 2020/9/2/pubmed PY - 2020/9/2/medline PY - 2020/9/2/entrez KW - COVID-19 KW - Evidence-based medicine KW - MERS KW - SARS KW - Treatment SP - 317 EP - 334 JF - Infection & chemotherapy JO - Infect Chemother VL - 52 IS - 3 N2 - Coronaviruses have caused serious Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, and only remdesivir has been recently indicated for the treatment of COVID-19. In the line of therapeutic options for SARS and MERS, this study aims to summarize the current clinical evidence of treatment options for COVID-19. In general, the combination of antibiotics, ribavirin, and corticosteroids was considered as a standard treatment for patients with SARS. The addition of this conventional treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir, interferon, and convalescent plasma showed potential clinical improvement. For patients with MERS, ribavirin, lopinavir/ritonavir, interferon, and convalescent plasma were continuously recommended. However, a high-dose of corticosteroid was suggested for severe cases only. The use of lopinavir/ritonavir and convalescent plasma was commonly reported. There was limited evidence for the effect of corticosteroids, other antiviral drugs like ribavirin, and favipiravir. Monoclonal antibody of tocilizumab and antimalarial agents of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were also introduced. Among antibiotics for infection therapy, azithromycin was suggested. In conclusion, this study showed the up-to-date evidence of treatment options for COVID-19 that is helpful for the therapy selection and the development of further guidelines and recommendations. Updates of on-going clinical trials and observational studies may confirm the current findings. SN - 2093-2340 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32869558/Treatment_Options_for_Severe_Acute_Respiratory_Syndrome_Middle_East_Respiratory_Syndrome_and_Coronavirus_Disease_2019:_a_Review_of_Clinical_Evidence_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -

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Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Review of Clinical Evidence.Infect Chemother. 2020 Sep; 52(3):317-334.IC