Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and new TB vaccines: Specific, cross-mycobacterial and off-target effects.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2020 Nov; 36:57-64.PR

Abstract

The Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine was developed over a century ago and has become one of the most used vaccines without undergoing a modern vaccine development life cycle. Despite this, the vaccine has protected many millions from severe and disseminated forms of tuberculosis (TB). In addition, BCG has cross-mycobacterial effects against non-tuberculous mycobacteria and off-target (also called non-specific or heterologous) effects against other infections and diseases. More recently, BCG's effects on innate immunity suggest it might improve the immune response against viral respiratory infections including SARS-CoV-2. New TB vaccines, developed over the last 30 years, show promise, particularly in prevention of progression to disease from TB infection in young adults. The role of BCG in the context of new TB vaccines remains uncertain as most participants included in trials have been previously BCG immunised. BCG replacement vaccines are in efficacy trials and these may also have off-target effects.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Fritschi N
Infectious Unit and Mycobacterial Research Group, University Children's Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Switzerland.
Curtis N
Infectious Diseases Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Ritz N
Infectious Unit and Mycobacterial Research Group, University Children's Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Basel Children's Hospital, Infectious Diseases Unit Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: Nicole.ritz@ukbb.ch.

MeSH

Adjuvants, ImmunologicBCG VaccineBuruli UlcerCOVID-19Cross ProtectionDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HumansHypersensitivityImmunity, HeterologousInfantInfant MortalityLeprosyMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousNontuberculous MycobacteriaRespiratory Tract InfectionsTuberculosisTuberculosis Vaccines

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

32958428

Citation

Fritschi, Nora, et al. "Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and New TB Vaccines: Specific, Cross-mycobacterial and Off-target Effects." Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, vol. 36, 2020, pp. 57-64.
Fritschi N, Curtis N, Ritz N. Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and new TB vaccines: Specific, cross-mycobacterial and off-target effects. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2020;36:57-64.
Fritschi, N., Curtis, N., & Ritz, N. (2020). Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and new TB vaccines: Specific, cross-mycobacterial and off-target effects. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 36, 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2020.08.004
Fritschi N, Curtis N, Ritz N. Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and New TB Vaccines: Specific, Cross-mycobacterial and Off-target Effects. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2020;36:57-64. PubMed PMID: 32958428.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and new TB vaccines: Specific, cross-mycobacterial and off-target effects. AU - Fritschi,Nora, AU - Curtis,Nigel, AU - Ritz,Nicole, Y1 - 2020/08/20/ PY - 2020/07/08/received PY - 2020/08/14/accepted PY - 2020/9/23/pubmed PY - 2020/12/15/medline PY - 2020/9/22/entrez KW - Active TB KW - COVID-19 KW - Cross-protective KW - Latent TB KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - Trained immunity SP - 57 EP - 64 JF - Paediatric respiratory reviews JO - Paediatr Respir Rev VL - 36 N2 - The Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine was developed over a century ago and has become one of the most used vaccines without undergoing a modern vaccine development life cycle. Despite this, the vaccine has protected many millions from severe and disseminated forms of tuberculosis (TB). In addition, BCG has cross-mycobacterial effects against non-tuberculous mycobacteria and off-target (also called non-specific or heterologous) effects against other infections and diseases. More recently, BCG's effects on innate immunity suggest it might improve the immune response against viral respiratory infections including SARS-CoV-2. New TB vaccines, developed over the last 30 years, show promise, particularly in prevention of progression to disease from TB infection in young adults. The role of BCG in the context of new TB vaccines remains uncertain as most participants included in trials have been previously BCG immunised. BCG replacement vaccines are in efficacy trials and these may also have off-target effects. SN - 1526-0550 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32958428/Bacille_Calmette_Guérin__BCG__and_new_TB_vaccines:_Specific_cross_mycobacterial_and_off_target_effects_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -