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Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Hosp Infect. 2021 Feb; 108:120-134.JH

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Healthcare workers (HCWs) represent a high-risk population for infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).

AIM

To determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCWs, and identify the factors associated with this seroprevalence.

METHODS

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were applied for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and preprint services (medRχiv and bioRχiv) were searched from inception to 24th August 2020.

FINDINGS

Forty-nine studies including 127,480 HCWs met the inclusion criteria. The estimated overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCWs was 8.7% (95% confidence interval 6.7-10.9%). Seroprevalence was higher in studies conducted in North America (12.7%) compared with those conducted in Europe (8.5%), Africa (8.2) and Asia (4%). Meta-regression showed that increased sensitivity of antibody tests was associated with increased seroprevalence. The following factors were associated with seropositivity: male gender; Black, Asian and Hispanic HCWs; work in a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) unit; patient-related work; front-line HCWs; healthcare assistants; shortage of personal protective equipment; self-reported belief of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection; previous positive polymerase chain reaction test; and household contact with suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19.

CONCLUSION

The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCWs is high. Excellent adherence to infection prevention and control measures; sufficient and adequate personal protective equipment; and early recognition, identification and isolation of HCWs infected with SARS-CoV-2 are imperative to decrease the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Galanis P
Faculty of Nursing, Centre for Health Services Management and Evaluation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: pegalan@nurs.uoa.gr.
Vraka I
Department of Radiology, P & A Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Fragkou D
Faculty of Nursing, Centre for Health Services Management and Evaluation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Bilali A
Hospital Waste Management Unit, P & A Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Kaitelidou D
Faculty of Nursing, Centre for Health Services Management and Evaluation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

MeSH

AdultAfricaAntibodies, ViralAsiaCOVID-19COVID-19 Serological TestingEuropeFemaleGuideline AdherenceHealth PersonnelHumansInfectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-ProfessionalMaleMiddle AgedNorth AmericaPersonal Protective EquipmentRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2Self ReportSensitivity and SpecificitySeroepidemiologic Studies

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Systematic Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

33212126

Citation

Galanis, P, et al. "Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and Associated Factors in Healthcare Workers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." The Journal of Hospital Infection, vol. 108, 2021, pp. 120-134.
Galanis P, Vraka I, Fragkou D, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hosp Infect. 2021;108:120-134.
Galanis, P., Vraka, I., Fragkou, D., Bilali, A., & Kaitelidou, D. (2021). Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Hospital Infection, 108, 120-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.11.008
Galanis P, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and Associated Factors in Healthcare Workers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Hosp Infect. 2021;108:120-134. PubMed PMID: 33212126.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Galanis,P, AU - Vraka,I, AU - Fragkou,D, AU - Bilali,A, AU - Kaitelidou,D, Y1 - 2020/11/16/ PY - 2020/10/09/received PY - 2020/11/10/accepted PY - 2020/11/20/pubmed PY - 2021/2/7/medline PY - 2020/11/19/entrez KW - Antibodies KW - COVID-19 KW - Healthcare workers KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - Seroprevalence SP - 120 EP - 134 JF - The Journal of hospital infection JO - J Hosp Infect VL - 108 N2 - BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) represent a high-risk population for infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). AIM: To determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCWs, and identify the factors associated with this seroprevalence. METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were applied for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and preprint services (medRχiv and bioRχiv) were searched from inception to 24th August 2020. FINDINGS: Forty-nine studies including 127,480 HCWs met the inclusion criteria. The estimated overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCWs was 8.7% (95% confidence interval 6.7-10.9%). Seroprevalence was higher in studies conducted in North America (12.7%) compared with those conducted in Europe (8.5%), Africa (8.2) and Asia (4%). Meta-regression showed that increased sensitivity of antibody tests was associated with increased seroprevalence. The following factors were associated with seropositivity: male gender; Black, Asian and Hispanic HCWs; work in a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) unit; patient-related work; front-line HCWs; healthcare assistants; shortage of personal protective equipment; self-reported belief of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection; previous positive polymerase chain reaction test; and household contact with suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCWs is high. Excellent adherence to infection prevention and control measures; sufficient and adequate personal protective equipment; and early recognition, identification and isolation of HCWs infected with SARS-CoV-2 are imperative to decrease the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. SN - 1532-2939 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/33212126/Seroprevalence_of_SARS_CoV_2_antibodies_and_associated_factors_in_healthcare_workers:_a_systematic_review_and_meta_analysis_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -