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Quantitation of Δ8-THC, Δ9-THC, Cannabidiol and 10 Other Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Oral Fluid by HPLC-MS-MS.
J Anal Toxicol. 2022 Feb 14; 46(1):76-88.JA

Abstract

Quantitative analysis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) in oral fluid has gained increasing interest in clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories. New medicinal and/or recreational cannabinoid products require laboratories to distinguish different patterns of cannabinoid use. This study validated a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for 13 different cannabinoids, including (-)-trans-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-A (Δ9-THCA-A), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-Δ9-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THCCOOH), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabidiorcol (CBD-C1), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinol (CBN) and cannabigerol (CBG), in oral fluid. Baseline separation was achieved in the entire quantitation range between Δ9-THC and its isomer Δ8-THC. The quantitation range of Δ9-THC, Δ8-THC and CBD was from 0.1 to 800 ng/mL. Two hundred human subject oral fluid samples were analyzed with this method after solid phase extraction. Among the 200 human subject oral fluid samples, all 13 cannabinoid analytes were confirmed in at least one sample. Δ8-THC was confirmed in 11 samples, with or without the presence of Δ9-THC. A high concentration of 11-OH-Δ9-THC or Δ9-THCCOOH (>400 ng/mL) was confirmed in three samples. CBD, Δ9-THCA-A, THCV, CBN and CBG were confirmed in 74, 39, 44, 107 and 112 of the 179 confirmed Δ9-THC-positive samples, respectively. The quantitation of multiple cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid simultaneously provides valuable information for revealing cannabinoid consumption and interpreting cannabinoid-induced driving impairment.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Forensic Fluids Laboratories, 225 Parson Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA.

Forensic Fluids Laboratories, 225 Parson Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA.

Forensic Fluids Laboratories, 225 Parson Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA.

Forensic Fluids Laboratories, 225 Parson Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA.

Forensic Fluids Laboratories, 225 Parson Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA.

Forensic Fluids Laboratories, 225 Parson Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA.

MeSH

CannabidiolCannabinoidsChromatography, High Pressure LiquidChromatography, LiquidDronabinolHumansTandem Mass Spectrometry

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

33270860

Citation

Lin, Lin, et al. "Quantitation of Δ8-THC, Δ9-THC, Cannabidiol and 10 Other Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Oral Fluid By HPLC-MS-MS." Journal of Analytical Toxicology, vol. 46, no. 1, 2022, pp. 76-88.

Lin L, Amaratunga P, Reed J, et al. Quantitation of Δ8-THC, Δ9-THC, Cannabidiol and 10 Other Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Oral Fluid by HPLC-MS-MS. J Anal Toxicol. 2022;46(1):76-88.

Lin, L., Amaratunga, P., Reed, J., Huang, P., Lemberg, B. L., & Lemberg, D. (2022). Quantitation of Δ8-THC, Δ9-THC, Cannabidiol and 10 Other Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Oral Fluid by HPLC-MS-MS. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 46(1), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkaa184

Lin L, et al. Quantitation of Δ8-THC, Δ9-THC, Cannabidiol and 10 Other Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Oral Fluid By HPLC-MS-MS. J Anal Toxicol. 2022 Feb 14;46(1):76-88. PubMed PMID: 33270860.

* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case

TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitation of Δ8-THC, Δ9-THC, Cannabidiol and 10 Other Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Oral Fluid by HPLC-MS-MS. AU - Lin,Lin, AU - Amaratunga,Piyadarsha, AU - Reed,Jerome, AU - Huang,Pornkamol, AU - Lemberg,Bridget Lorenz, AU - Lemberg,Dave, PY - 2020/07/03/received PY - 2020/11/27/revised PY - 2020/12/03/accepted PY - 2020/12/4/pubmed PY - 2022/2/16/medline PY - 2020/12/3/entrez SP - 76 EP - 88 JF - Journal of analytical toxicology JO - J Anal Toxicol VL - 46 IS - 1 N2 - Quantitative analysis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) in oral fluid has gained increasing interest in clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories. New medicinal and/or recreational cannabinoid products require laboratories to distinguish different patterns of cannabinoid use. This study validated a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for 13 different cannabinoids, including (-)-trans-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-A (Δ9-THCA-A), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-Δ9-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THCCOOH), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabidiorcol (CBD-C1), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinol (CBN) and cannabigerol (CBG), in oral fluid. Baseline separation was achieved in the entire quantitation range between Δ9-THC and its isomer Δ8-THC. The quantitation range of Δ9-THC, Δ8-THC and CBD was from 0.1 to 800 ng/mL. Two hundred human subject oral fluid samples were analyzed with this method after solid phase extraction. Among the 200 human subject oral fluid samples, all 13 cannabinoid analytes were confirmed in at least one sample. Δ8-THC was confirmed in 11 samples, with or without the presence of Δ9-THC. A high concentration of 11-OH-Δ9-THC or Δ9-THCCOOH (>400 ng/mL) was confirmed in three samples. CBD, Δ9-THCA-A, THCV, CBN and CBG were confirmed in 74, 39, 44, 107 and 112 of the 179 confirmed Δ9-THC-positive samples, respectively. The quantitation of multiple cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid simultaneously provides valuable information for revealing cannabinoid consumption and interpreting cannabinoid-induced driving impairment. SN - 1945-2403 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/33270860/Quantitation_of_Δ8_THC_Δ9_THC_Cannabidiol_and_10_Other_Cannabinoids_and_Metabolites_in_Oral_Fluid_by_HPLC_MS_MS_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -