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Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 12; 14(12):e0008961.PN

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This study attempts to understand coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine demand and hesitancy by assessing the public's vaccination intention and willingness-to-pay (WTP). Confidence in COVID-19 vaccines produced in China and preference for domestically-made or foreign-made vaccines was also investigated.

METHODS

A nationwide cross-sectional, self-administered online survey was conducted on 1-19 May 2020. The health belief model (HBM) was used as a theoretical framework for understanding COVID-19 vaccination intent and WTP.

RESULTS

A total of 3,541 complete responses were received. The majority reported a probably yes intent (54.6%), followed by a definite yes intent (28.7%). The perception that vaccination decreases the chances of getting COVID-19 under the perceived benefit construct (OR = 3.14, 95% CI 2.05-4.83) and not being concerned about the efficacy of new COVID-19 vaccines under the perceived barriers construct (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.31-2.09) were found to have the highest significant odds of a definite intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of WTP for COVID-19 vaccine was CNY¥200/US$28 (IQR CNY¥100-500/USD$14-72). The highest marginal WTP for the vaccine was influenced by socio-economic factors. The majority were confident (48.7%) and completely confident (46.1%) in domestically-made COVID-19 vaccine. 64.2% reported a preference for a domestically-made over foreign-made COVID-19 vaccine.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings demonstrate the utility of HBM constructs in understanding COVID-19 vaccination intent and WTP. It is important to improve health promotion and reduce the barriers to COVID-19 vaccination.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Lin Y
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Hu Z
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Zhao Q
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Alias H
Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Danaee M
Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Wong LP
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAgedCOVID-19 VaccinesChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIntentionMaleMiddle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health CareSurveys and QuestionnairesVaccinationYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

33332359

Citation

Lin, Yulan, et al. "Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Demand and Hesitancy: a Nationwide Online Survey in China." PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol. 14, no. 12, 2020, pp. e0008961.
Lin Y, Hu Z, Zhao Q, et al. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(12):e0008961.
Lin, Y., Hu, Z., Zhao, Q., Alias, H., Danaee, M., & Wong, L. P. (2020). Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(12), e0008961. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008961
Lin Y, et al. Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Demand and Hesitancy: a Nationwide Online Survey in China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(12):e0008961. PubMed PMID: 33332359.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China. AU - Lin,Yulan, AU - Hu,Zhijian, AU - Zhao,Qinjian, AU - Alias,Haridah, AU - Danaee,Mahmoud, AU - Wong,Li Ping, Y1 - 2020/12/17/ PY - 2020/06/15/received PY - 2020/11/06/accepted PY - 2020/12/31/revised PY - 2020/12/18/pubmed PY - 2021/1/14/medline PY - 2020/12/17/entrez SP - e0008961 EP - e0008961 JF - PLoS neglected tropical diseases JO - PLoS Negl Trop Dis VL - 14 IS - 12 N2 - BACKGROUND: This study attempts to understand coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine demand and hesitancy by assessing the public's vaccination intention and willingness-to-pay (WTP). Confidence in COVID-19 vaccines produced in China and preference for domestically-made or foreign-made vaccines was also investigated. METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional, self-administered online survey was conducted on 1-19 May 2020. The health belief model (HBM) was used as a theoretical framework for understanding COVID-19 vaccination intent and WTP. RESULTS: A total of 3,541 complete responses were received. The majority reported a probably yes intent (54.6%), followed by a definite yes intent (28.7%). The perception that vaccination decreases the chances of getting COVID-19 under the perceived benefit construct (OR = 3.14, 95% CI 2.05-4.83) and not being concerned about the efficacy of new COVID-19 vaccines under the perceived barriers construct (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.31-2.09) were found to have the highest significant odds of a definite intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of WTP for COVID-19 vaccine was CNY¥200/US$28 (IQR CNY¥100-500/USD$14-72). The highest marginal WTP for the vaccine was influenced by socio-economic factors. The majority were confident (48.7%) and completely confident (46.1%) in domestically-made COVID-19 vaccine. 64.2% reported a preference for a domestically-made over foreign-made COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate the utility of HBM constructs in understanding COVID-19 vaccination intent and WTP. It is important to improve health promotion and reduce the barriers to COVID-19 vaccination. SN - 1935-2735 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/33332359/Understanding_COVID_19_vaccine_demand_and_hesitancy:_A_nationwide_online_survey_in_China_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -