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Comparative genetic analyses of Korean bat coronaviruses with SARS-CoV and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2.
J Vet Sci. 2021 Jan; 22(1):e12.JV

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Bats have been considered natural reservoirs for several pathogenic human coronaviruses (CoVs) in the last two decades. Recently, a bat CoV was detected in the Republic of Korea; its entire genome was sequenced and reported to be genetically similar to that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV).

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this study was to compare the genetic sequences of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and the two Korean bat CoV strains 16BO133 and B15-21, to estimate the likelihood of an interaction between the Korean bat CoVs and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor.

METHODS

The phylogenetic analysis was conducted with the maximum-likelihood (ML) method using MEGA 7 software. The Korean bat CoVs receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein was analyzed by comparative homology modeling using the SWISS-MODEL server. The binding energies of the complexes were calculated using PRODIGY and MM/GBGA.

RESULTS

Phylogenetic analyses of the entire RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, spike regions, and the complete genome revealed that the Korean CoVs, along with SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, belong to the subgenus Sarbecovirus, within BetaCoVs. However, the two Korean CoVs were distinct from SARS-CoV-2. Specifically, the spike gene of the Korean CoVs, which is involved in host infection, differed from that of SARS-CoV-2, showing only 66.8%-67.0% nucleotide homology and presented deletions within the RBD, particularly within regions critical for cross-species transmission and that mediate interaction with ACE2. Binding free energy calculation revealed that the binding affinity of Korean bat CoV RBD to hACE2 was drastically lower than that of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that Korean bat CoVs are unlikely to bind to the human ACE2 receptor.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Na EJ
Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.
Lee SY
Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.
Kim HJ
Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
Oem JK
Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea. jku0623@jbnu.ac.kr.

MeSH

AnimalsChiropteraCoronavirusGenes, ViralGenome, ViralGenomicsHumansLikelihood FunctionsPhylogenyReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 2Republic of KoreaSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusSARS-CoV-2Sequence Analysis, DNASequence HomologySpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusVirus Attachment

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

33522164

Citation

Na, Eun Jee, et al. "Comparative Genetic Analyses of Korean Bat Coronaviruses With SARS-CoV and the Newly Emerged SARS-CoV-2." Journal of Veterinary Science, vol. 22, no. 1, 2021, pp. e12.
Na EJ, Lee SY, Kim HJ, et al. Comparative genetic analyses of Korean bat coronaviruses with SARS-CoV and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2. J Vet Sci. 2021;22(1):e12.
Na, E. J., Lee, S. Y., Kim, H. J., & Oem, J. K. (2021). Comparative genetic analyses of Korean bat coronaviruses with SARS-CoV and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Veterinary Science, 22(1), e12. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e12
Na EJ, et al. Comparative Genetic Analyses of Korean Bat Coronaviruses With SARS-CoV and the Newly Emerged SARS-CoV-2. J Vet Sci. 2021;22(1):e12. PubMed PMID: 33522164.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative genetic analyses of Korean bat coronaviruses with SARS-CoV and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2. AU - Na,Eun Jee, AU - Lee,Sook Young, AU - Kim,Hak Jun, AU - Oem,Jae Ku, PY - 2020/10/30/received PY - 2020/12/08/revised PY - 2020/12/15/accepted PY - 2021/2/1/entrez PY - 2021/2/2/pubmed PY - 2021/2/5/medline KW - Bat KW - SARS-CoV KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - coronavirus KW - spike protein SP - e12 EP - e12 JF - Journal of veterinary science JO - J Vet Sci VL - 22 IS - 1 N2 - BACKGROUND: Bats have been considered natural reservoirs for several pathogenic human coronaviruses (CoVs) in the last two decades. Recently, a bat CoV was detected in the Republic of Korea; its entire genome was sequenced and reported to be genetically similar to that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV). OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare the genetic sequences of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and the two Korean bat CoV strains 16BO133 and B15-21, to estimate the likelihood of an interaction between the Korean bat CoVs and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. METHODS: The phylogenetic analysis was conducted with the maximum-likelihood (ML) method using MEGA 7 software. The Korean bat CoVs receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein was analyzed by comparative homology modeling using the SWISS-MODEL server. The binding energies of the complexes were calculated using PRODIGY and MM/GBGA. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analyses of the entire RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, spike regions, and the complete genome revealed that the Korean CoVs, along with SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, belong to the subgenus Sarbecovirus, within BetaCoVs. However, the two Korean CoVs were distinct from SARS-CoV-2. Specifically, the spike gene of the Korean CoVs, which is involved in host infection, differed from that of SARS-CoV-2, showing only 66.8%-67.0% nucleotide homology and presented deletions within the RBD, particularly within regions critical for cross-species transmission and that mediate interaction with ACE2. Binding free energy calculation revealed that the binding affinity of Korean bat CoV RBD to hACE2 was drastically lower than that of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that Korean bat CoVs are unlikely to bind to the human ACE2 receptor. SN - 1976-555X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/33522164/Comparative_genetic_analyses_of_Korean_bat_coronaviruses_with_SARS_CoV_and_the_newly_emerged_SARS_CoV_2_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -