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Grapevine Red Blotch Virus Is Transmitted by the Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper in a Circulative, Nonpropagative Mode with Unique Attributes.
Phytopathology. 2021 Oct; 111(10):1851-1861.P

Abstract

The transmission mode of grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV, genus Grablovirus, family Geminiviridae) by Spissistilus festinus, the three-cornered alfalfa hopper, is unknown. By analogy with other members in the family Geminiviridae, we hypothesized circulative, nonpropagative transmission. Time-course experiments revealed GRBV in dissected guts, hemolymph, and heads with salivary glands after a 5-, 8-, and 10-day exposure to infected grapevines, respectively. After a 15-day acquisition on infected grapevines and subsequent transfer on alfalfa, a nonhost of GRBV, the virus titer decreased over time in adult insects, as shown by quantitative PCR. Snap bean proved to be a feeding host of S. festinus and a pseudosystemic host of GRBV after Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated delivery of an infectious clone. The virus was efficiently transmitted by S. festinus from infected snap bean plants to excised snap bean trifoliates (90%) or grapevine leaves (100%) but less efficiently from infected grapevine plants to excised grapevine leaves (10%) or snap bean trifoliates (67%). Transmission of GRBV also occurred trans-stadially but not via seeds. The virus titer was significantly higher in (i) guts and hemolymph relative to heads with salivary glands, and (ii) adults emanating from third compared with first instars that emerged on infected grapevine plants and developed on snap bean trifoliates. This study demonstrated circulative, nonpropagative transmission of GRBV by S. festinus with an extended acquisition access period compared with other viruses in the family Geminiviridae and marked differences in transmission efficiency between grapevine, the natural host, and snap bean, an alternative herbaceous host.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Flasco M
School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456.
Hoyle V
School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456.
Cieniewicz EJ
Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634.
Roy BG
School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456.
McLane HL
School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Perry KL
School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Loeb G
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456.
Nault B
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456.
Heck M
School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Fuchs M
School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456.

MeSH

GeminiviridaeMedicago sativaPlant Diseases

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

33736453

Citation

Flasco, Madison, et al. "Grapevine Red Blotch Virus Is Transmitted By the Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper in a Circulative, Nonpropagative Mode With Unique Attributes." Phytopathology, vol. 111, no. 10, 2021, pp. 1851-1861.
Flasco M, Hoyle V, Cieniewicz EJ, et al. Grapevine Red Blotch Virus Is Transmitted by the Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper in a Circulative, Nonpropagative Mode with Unique Attributes. Phytopathology. 2021;111(10):1851-1861.
Flasco, M., Hoyle, V., Cieniewicz, E. J., Roy, B. G., McLane, H. L., Perry, K. L., Loeb, G., Nault, B., Heck, M., & Fuchs, M. (2021). Grapevine Red Blotch Virus Is Transmitted by the Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper in a Circulative, Nonpropagative Mode with Unique Attributes. Phytopathology, 111(10), 1851-1861. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-21-0061-R
Flasco M, et al. Grapevine Red Blotch Virus Is Transmitted By the Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper in a Circulative, Nonpropagative Mode With Unique Attributes. Phytopathology. 2021;111(10):1851-1861. PubMed PMID: 33736453.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Grapevine Red Blotch Virus Is Transmitted by the Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper in a Circulative, Nonpropagative Mode with Unique Attributes. AU - Flasco,Madison, AU - Hoyle,Victoria, AU - Cieniewicz,Elizabeth J, AU - Roy,Brandon G, AU - McLane,Heather L, AU - Perry,Keith L, AU - Loeb,Gregory, AU - Nault,Brian, AU - Heck,Michelle, AU - Fuchs,Marc, Y1 - 2021/11/09/ PY - 2021/3/20/pubmed PY - 2021/12/22/medline PY - 2021/3/19/entrez KW - Geminiviridae KW - Grablovirus KW - Spissistilus festinus KW - acquisition access period KW - alternative host SP - 1851 EP - 1861 JF - Phytopathology JO - Phytopathology VL - 111 IS - 10 N2 - The transmission mode of grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV, genus Grablovirus, family Geminiviridae) by Spissistilus festinus, the three-cornered alfalfa hopper, is unknown. By analogy with other members in the family Geminiviridae, we hypothesized circulative, nonpropagative transmission. Time-course experiments revealed GRBV in dissected guts, hemolymph, and heads with salivary glands after a 5-, 8-, and 10-day exposure to infected grapevines, respectively. After a 15-day acquisition on infected grapevines and subsequent transfer on alfalfa, a nonhost of GRBV, the virus titer decreased over time in adult insects, as shown by quantitative PCR. Snap bean proved to be a feeding host of S. festinus and a pseudosystemic host of GRBV after Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated delivery of an infectious clone. The virus was efficiently transmitted by S. festinus from infected snap bean plants to excised snap bean trifoliates (90%) or grapevine leaves (100%) but less efficiently from infected grapevine plants to excised grapevine leaves (10%) or snap bean trifoliates (67%). Transmission of GRBV also occurred trans-stadially but not via seeds. The virus titer was significantly higher in (i) guts and hemolymph relative to heads with salivary glands, and (ii) adults emanating from third compared with first instars that emerged on infected grapevine plants and developed on snap bean trifoliates. This study demonstrated circulative, nonpropagative transmission of GRBV by S. festinus with an extended acquisition access period compared with other viruses in the family Geminiviridae and marked differences in transmission efficiency between grapevine, the natural host, and snap bean, an alternative herbaceous host. SN - 0031-949X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/33736453/Grapevine_Red_Blotch_Virus_Is_Transmitted_by_the_Three_Cornered_Alfalfa_Hopper_in_a_Circulative_Nonpropagative_Mode_with_Unique_Attributes_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -