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Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jul 01; 217:112199.EE

Abstract

Environmental aging of ubiquitous microplastics (MP) occurs through the action of biotic and abiotic factors, and aged MP exhibit different physicochemical properties and environmental behavior from virgin MP. This study aimed to investigate the aged micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and polyvinyl chloride (mPVC), and the heavy metals copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), and examine the effects of their combined toxicities on microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Results showed that the presence of MP inhibited cell growth as compared with the control, the inhibition rate (I) decreased as concentrations of MP rose and aged MP exhibited stronger inhibition of cells than did virgin MP. The largest I was achieved in each culture with the MP concentration of 0.01 g/L, in which aged mPS with the maximal of 36.84% (Iaged mPS) followed by aged mPVC (Iaged mPVC = 30.03%), virgin mPS (Ivirgin mPS = 29.10%) and virgin mPVC (Ivirgin mPVC = 16.72%). Addition of the heavy metals Cu2+ and Cd2+ significantly inhibited cell growth, and toxicity increased with concentrations in a range of 0.5-2.0 mg/L; the maximum I values were 19.50% (ICu) and 85.14% (ICd), respectively. The combined toxicity of aged MP + Cu or aged MP + Cd was less than that of individual heavy metals. In particular, as compared with the maximal ICd of 85.14% achieved by single Cd2+, the toxicity of Cd2+ was greatly reduced when combined with aged mPS and mPVC, with the I value decreased to 27.55% (Iaged mPS) and 32.51% (Iaged mPVC), respectively. Both single and combined treatments caused cell damage to the microalga, accompanied by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and intracellular malonaldehyde (MDA) content.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Wang Z
College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China.
Fu D
College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China.
Gao L
College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China.
Qi H
College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China.
Su Y
College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China.
Peng L
College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China. Electronic address: lcpeng@hainanu.edu.cn.

MeSH

Biological AvailabilityCadmiumChlorella vulgarisCopperMalondialdehydeMetals, HeavyMicroalgaeMicroplasticsPlasticsPolystyrenesPolyvinyl ChlorideSuperoxide DismutaseWater Pollutants, Chemical

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

33864982

Citation

Wang, Zezheng, et al. "Aged Microplastics Decrease the Bioavailability of Coexisting Heavy Metals to Microalga Chlorella Vulgaris." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol. 217, 2021, p. 112199.
Wang Z, Fu D, Gao L, et al. Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021;217:112199.
Wang, Z., Fu, D., Gao, L., Qi, H., Su, Y., & Peng, L. (2021). Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 217, 112199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112199
Wang Z, et al. Aged Microplastics Decrease the Bioavailability of Coexisting Heavy Metals to Microalga Chlorella Vulgaris. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jul 1;217:112199. PubMed PMID: 33864982.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris. AU - Wang,Zezheng, AU - Fu,Dongdong, AU - Gao,Liu, AU - Qi,Huaiyuan, AU - Su,Yuanyuan, AU - Peng,Licheng, Y1 - 2021/04/14/ PY - 2020/10/21/received PY - 2021/03/20/revised PY - 2021/03/25/accepted PY - 2021/4/18/pubmed PY - 2021/5/22/medline PY - 2021/4/17/entrez KW - Aged microplastic KW - Chlorella vulgaris KW - Combined toxicity KW - Heavy metal KW - Microalga SP - 112199 EP - 112199 JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety JO - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf VL - 217 N2 - Environmental aging of ubiquitous microplastics (MP) occurs through the action of biotic and abiotic factors, and aged MP exhibit different physicochemical properties and environmental behavior from virgin MP. This study aimed to investigate the aged micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and polyvinyl chloride (mPVC), and the heavy metals copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), and examine the effects of their combined toxicities on microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Results showed that the presence of MP inhibited cell growth as compared with the control, the inhibition rate (I) decreased as concentrations of MP rose and aged MP exhibited stronger inhibition of cells than did virgin MP. The largest I was achieved in each culture with the MP concentration of 0.01 g/L, in which aged mPS with the maximal of 36.84% (Iaged mPS) followed by aged mPVC (Iaged mPVC = 30.03%), virgin mPS (Ivirgin mPS = 29.10%) and virgin mPVC (Ivirgin mPVC = 16.72%). Addition of the heavy metals Cu2+ and Cd2+ significantly inhibited cell growth, and toxicity increased with concentrations in a range of 0.5-2.0 mg/L; the maximum I values were 19.50% (ICu) and 85.14% (ICd), respectively. The combined toxicity of aged MP + Cu or aged MP + Cd was less than that of individual heavy metals. In particular, as compared with the maximal ICd of 85.14% achieved by single Cd2+, the toxicity of Cd2+ was greatly reduced when combined with aged mPS and mPVC, with the I value decreased to 27.55% (Iaged mPS) and 32.51% (Iaged mPVC), respectively. Both single and combined treatments caused cell damage to the microalga, accompanied by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and intracellular malonaldehyde (MDA) content. SN - 1090-2414 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/33864982/Aged_microplastics_decrease_the_bioavailability_of_coexisting_heavy_metals_to_microalga_Chlorella_vulgaris_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -