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E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings from the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 04 20; 18(8)IJ

Abstract

Potential mechanisms by which e-cigarette use may relate to combustible cigarette smoking cessation are not well-understood. We used U.S. nationally representative data to prospectively evaluate the relationship between e-cigarette flavor use and frequency of e-cigarette use among adult cigarette/e-cigarette dual users who attempted to quit smoking cigarettes. Analyses used Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study data from adult dual users (2015/16) who attempted to quit smoking between 2015/16 and 2016/17 (Wave 3-Wave 4, n = 685, including those who did/did not quit by 2016/17). E-cigarette flavor use (usual/last flavor, past 30-day flavor; assessed in 2015/16) was categorized into Only tobacco; Only menthol/mint; Only non-tobacco, non-menthol/mint; and Any combination of tobacco, menthol/mint, other flavor(s). The key outcome, evaluated at follow-up in 2016/17, was frequent e-cigarette use, which was defined as use on 20+ of past 30 days. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between e-cigarette flavor use in 2015/16 and frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up in 2016/17. Dual users who attempted to quit smoking had greater odds of frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up when they used only non-tobacco, non-menthol/mint flavor than when they used only tobacco flavor as their regular/last e-cigarette flavor (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.4); findings were no longer significant when adjusted for factors including e-cigarette device type (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 0.7-2.8). Past 30-day e-cigarette flavor use results were generally similar, although frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up was highest among those who used any combination of tobacco, menthol/mint, or other flavors. Findings indicate that e-cigarette flavor use among dual users who attempt to quit smoking may be related to e-cigarette use frequency overall, which may indicate a mechanism underlying findings for e-cigarette use and smoking cessation. Further longitudinal research may help to disentangle how e-cigarette characteristics uniquely impact e-cigarette use frequency and smoking cessation/sustained use.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Kasza KA
Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Goniewicz ML
Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Edwards KC
Behavioral Health & Health Policy Practice, Westat Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Sawdey MD
Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Silveira ML
National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Gravely S
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Zandberg I
Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Gardner LD
Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Fong GT
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada.
Hyland A
Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.

MeSH

Cigarette SmokingElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFlavoring AgentsTobaccoUnited StatesVaping

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

33924109

Citation

Kasza, Karin A., et al. "E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use Among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings From the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 18, no. 8, 2021.
Kasza KA, Goniewicz ML, Edwards KC, et al. E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings from the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(8).
Kasza, K. A., Goniewicz, M. L., Edwards, K. C., Sawdey, M. D., Silveira, M. L., Gravely, S., Zandberg, I., Gardner, L. D., Fong, G. T., & Hyland, A. (2021). E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings from the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084373
Kasza KA, et al. E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use Among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings From the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 04 20;18(8) PubMed PMID: 33924109.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings from the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17. AU - Kasza,Karin A, AU - Goniewicz,Maciej L, AU - Edwards,Kathryn C, AU - Sawdey,Michael D, AU - Silveira,Marushka L, AU - Gravely,Shannon, AU - Zandberg,Izabella, AU - Gardner,Lisa D, AU - Fong,Geoffrey T, AU - Hyland,Andrew, Y1 - 2021/04/20/ PY - 2021/03/24/received PY - 2021/04/14/revised PY - 2021/04/17/accepted PY - 2021/4/30/entrez PY - 2021/5/1/pubmed PY - 2021/5/21/medline KW - US nationally representative KW - adults KW - cigarette quit attempt KW - dual use KW - e-cigarette flavors KW - longitudinal KW - population KW - use frequency JF - International journal of environmental research and public health JO - Int J Environ Res Public Health VL - 18 IS - 8 N2 - Potential mechanisms by which e-cigarette use may relate to combustible cigarette smoking cessation are not well-understood. We used U.S. nationally representative data to prospectively evaluate the relationship between e-cigarette flavor use and frequency of e-cigarette use among adult cigarette/e-cigarette dual users who attempted to quit smoking cigarettes. Analyses used Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study data from adult dual users (2015/16) who attempted to quit smoking between 2015/16 and 2016/17 (Wave 3-Wave 4, n = 685, including those who did/did not quit by 2016/17). E-cigarette flavor use (usual/last flavor, past 30-day flavor; assessed in 2015/16) was categorized into Only tobacco; Only menthol/mint; Only non-tobacco, non-menthol/mint; and Any combination of tobacco, menthol/mint, other flavor(s). The key outcome, evaluated at follow-up in 2016/17, was frequent e-cigarette use, which was defined as use on 20+ of past 30 days. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between e-cigarette flavor use in 2015/16 and frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up in 2016/17. Dual users who attempted to quit smoking had greater odds of frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up when they used only non-tobacco, non-menthol/mint flavor than when they used only tobacco flavor as their regular/last e-cigarette flavor (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.4); findings were no longer significant when adjusted for factors including e-cigarette device type (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 0.7-2.8). Past 30-day e-cigarette flavor use results were generally similar, although frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up was highest among those who used any combination of tobacco, menthol/mint, or other flavors. Findings indicate that e-cigarette flavor use among dual users who attempt to quit smoking may be related to e-cigarette use frequency overall, which may indicate a mechanism underlying findings for e-cigarette use and smoking cessation. Further longitudinal research may help to disentangle how e-cigarette characteristics uniquely impact e-cigarette use frequency and smoking cessation/sustained use. SN - 1660-4601 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/33924109/E_Cigarette_Flavors_and_Frequency_of_E_Cigarette_Use_among_Adult_Dual_Users_Who_Attempt_to_Quit_Cigarette_Smoking_in_the_United_States:_Longitudinal_Findings_from_the_PATH_Study_2015/16_2016/17_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
Grapherence [↓5 ↑14]

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