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Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism of Pelargonidin-Based Anthocyanins Using Sprague-Dawley Rats and Caco-2 Cell Monolayers.
J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Jul 21; 69(28):7841-7850.JA

Abstract

The present study is aimed to clarify the absorption and metabolism properties of pelargonidin-based anthocyanins. Results showed that pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside (Pg3R) was absorbed in its intact form after oral administration and reached a maximum plasma concentration of 175.38 ± 55.95 nM at 60 min. Three main metabolites were identified in plasma, including Pg3R-monoglucuronide (m/z 755.2046), Pg3R-hydroxylated (m/z 595.1644), and Pg3R-demethylated (m/z 565.1569) metabolites. The plasma concentration of the Pg3R-demethylated metabolite (57.04 ± 23.15 nM) was much higher than that of other two metabolites, indicating that demethylation was the main metabolic pathway for Pg3R, while the glucuronide conjugate was detected as the dominant metabolic form of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pg3G). The bioavailability of Pg3R (1.13%) was fourfold higher than that of Pg3G (0.28%), demonstrating that anthocyanins linked to the rutinoside may exhibit higher bioavailability than that of glucoside. In vitro transport study unveiled that passive diffusion and active efflux were involved in the absorption of Pg3R and Pg3G.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Xu Y
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Li Y
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Xie J
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Xie L
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Mo J
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.
Chen W
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.

MeSH

AnimalsAnthocyaninsBiological AvailabilityCaco-2 CellsHumansRatsRats, Sprague-Dawley

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

34139848

Citation

Xu, Yang, et al. "Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism of Pelargonidin-Based Anthocyanins Using Sprague-Dawley Rats and Caco-2 Cell Monolayers." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 69, no. 28, 2021, pp. 7841-7850.
Xu Y, Li Y, Xie J, et al. Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism of Pelargonidin-Based Anthocyanins Using Sprague-Dawley Rats and Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. J Agric Food Chem. 2021;69(28):7841-7850.
Xu, Y., Li, Y., Xie, J., Xie, L., Mo, J., & Chen, W. (2021). Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism of Pelargonidin-Based Anthocyanins Using Sprague-Dawley Rats and Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 69(28), 7841-7850. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00257
Xu Y, et al. Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism of Pelargonidin-Based Anthocyanins Using Sprague-Dawley Rats and Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Jul 21;69(28):7841-7850. PubMed PMID: 34139848.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism of Pelargonidin-Based Anthocyanins Using Sprague-Dawley Rats and Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. AU - Xu,Yang, AU - Li,Yuting, AU - Xie,Jiahong, AU - Xie,Lianghua, AU - Mo,Jianling, AU - Chen,Wei, Y1 - 2021/06/17/ PY - 2021/6/19/pubmed PY - 2021/7/23/medline PY - 2021/6/18/entrez KW - absorption KW - bioavailability KW - demethylation KW - metabolism KW - pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside KW - pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside SP - 7841 EP - 7850 JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry JO - J Agric Food Chem VL - 69 IS - 28 N2 - The present study is aimed to clarify the absorption and metabolism properties of pelargonidin-based anthocyanins. Results showed that pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside (Pg3R) was absorbed in its intact form after oral administration and reached a maximum plasma concentration of 175.38 ± 55.95 nM at 60 min. Three main metabolites were identified in plasma, including Pg3R-monoglucuronide (m/z 755.2046), Pg3R-hydroxylated (m/z 595.1644), and Pg3R-demethylated (m/z 565.1569) metabolites. The plasma concentration of the Pg3R-demethylated metabolite (57.04 ± 23.15 nM) was much higher than that of other two metabolites, indicating that demethylation was the main metabolic pathway for Pg3R, while the glucuronide conjugate was detected as the dominant metabolic form of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pg3G). The bioavailability of Pg3R (1.13%) was fourfold higher than that of Pg3G (0.28%), demonstrating that anthocyanins linked to the rutinoside may exhibit higher bioavailability than that of glucoside. In vitro transport study unveiled that passive diffusion and active efflux were involved in the absorption of Pg3R and Pg3G. SN - 1520-5118 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/34139848/Bioavailability_Absorption_and_Metabolism_of_Pelargonidin_Based_Anthocyanins_Using_Sprague_Dawley_Rats_and_Caco_2_Cell_Monolayers_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -