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Antibody Mediated Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and Human Coronaviruses: Multiplex Beads Assay and Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling to Generate Immune Repertoire Cartography.
Front Immunol. 2021; 12:696370.FI

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a novel zoonotic coronavirus. Emerging evidence indicates that preexisting humoral immunity against other seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) plays a critical role in the specific antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. However, current work to assess the effects of preexisting and cross-reactive anti-HCoVs antibodies has been limited. To address this issue, we have adapted our previously reported multiplex assay to simultaneously and quantitatively measure anti-HCoV antibodies. The full mPlex-CoV panel covers the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins of three highly pathogenic HCoVs (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, MERS) and four human seasonal strains (OC43, HKU1, NL63, 229E). Combining this assay with volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS), we measured the anti-HCoV IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies in fingerstick blood samples. The results demonstrate that the mPlex-CoV assay has high specificity and sensitivity. It can detect strain-specific anti-HCoV antibodies down to 0.1 ng/ml with 4 log assay range and with low intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation (%CV). We also estimate multiple strain HCoVs IgG, IgA and IgM concentration in VAMS samples in three categories of subjects: pre-COVID-19 (n=21), post-COVID-19 convalescents (n=19), and COVID-19 vaccine recipients (n=14). Using metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis, HCoVs IgG concentrations in fingerstick blood samples were well separated between the pre-COVID-19, post-COVID-19 convalescents, and COVID-19 vaccine recipients. In addition, we demonstrate how multi-dimensional scaling analysis can be used to visualize IgG mediated antibody immunity against multiple human coronaviruses. We conclude that the combination of VAMS and the mPlex-Cov assay is well suited to performing remote study sample collection under pandemic conditions to monitor HCoVs antibody responses in population studies.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Wang J
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States.
Li D
Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States.
Zhou Q
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States.
Wiltse A
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States.
Zand MS
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States. Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States.

MeSH

Antibodies, ViralBetacoronavirusCOVID-19CoronavirusCoronavirus 229E, HumanCoronavirus NL63, HumanCoronavirus Nucleocapsid ProteinsCoronavirus OC43, HumanCross ReactionsHumansImmunoassayImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

34386006

Citation

Wang, Jiong, et al. "Antibody Mediated Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and Human Coronaviruses: Multiplex Beads Assay and Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling to Generate Immune Repertoire Cartography." Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 12, 2021, p. 696370.
Wang J, Li D, Zhou Q, et al. Antibody Mediated Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and Human Coronaviruses: Multiplex Beads Assay and Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling to Generate Immune Repertoire Cartography. Front Immunol. 2021;12:696370.
Wang, J., Li, D., Zhou, Q., Wiltse, A., & Zand, M. S. (2021). Antibody Mediated Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and Human Coronaviruses: Multiplex Beads Assay and Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling to Generate Immune Repertoire Cartography. Frontiers in Immunology, 12, 696370. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.696370
Wang J, et al. Antibody Mediated Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and Human Coronaviruses: Multiplex Beads Assay and Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling to Generate Immune Repertoire Cartography. Front Immunol. 2021;12:696370. PubMed PMID: 34386006.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Antibody Mediated Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and Human Coronaviruses: Multiplex Beads Assay and Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling to Generate Immune Repertoire Cartography. AU - Wang,Jiong, AU - Li,Dongmei, AU - Zhou,Qian, AU - Wiltse,Alexander, AU - Zand,Martin S, Y1 - 2021/07/27/ PY - 2021/04/16/received PY - 2021/06/21/accepted PY - 2021/8/13/entrez PY - 2021/8/14/pubmed PY - 2021/8/26/medline KW - COVID-19 vaccine studies KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - anti-S and anti-N antibodies KW - cross-reactive antibody immunity KW - human coronaviruses (HCoVs) KW - mPlex-CoV assay KW - preexisting human coronavirus immunity KW - volumetric absorptive micro-sampling (VAMS) SP - 696370 EP - 696370 JF - Frontiers in immunology JO - Front Immunol VL - 12 N2 - The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a novel zoonotic coronavirus. Emerging evidence indicates that preexisting humoral immunity against other seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) plays a critical role in the specific antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. However, current work to assess the effects of preexisting and cross-reactive anti-HCoVs antibodies has been limited. To address this issue, we have adapted our previously reported multiplex assay to simultaneously and quantitatively measure anti-HCoV antibodies. The full mPlex-CoV panel covers the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins of three highly pathogenic HCoVs (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, MERS) and four human seasonal strains (OC43, HKU1, NL63, 229E). Combining this assay with volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS), we measured the anti-HCoV IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies in fingerstick blood samples. The results demonstrate that the mPlex-CoV assay has high specificity and sensitivity. It can detect strain-specific anti-HCoV antibodies down to 0.1 ng/ml with 4 log assay range and with low intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation (%CV). We also estimate multiple strain HCoVs IgG, IgA and IgM concentration in VAMS samples in three categories of subjects: pre-COVID-19 (n=21), post-COVID-19 convalescents (n=19), and COVID-19 vaccine recipients (n=14). Using metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis, HCoVs IgG concentrations in fingerstick blood samples were well separated between the pre-COVID-19, post-COVID-19 convalescents, and COVID-19 vaccine recipients. In addition, we demonstrate how multi-dimensional scaling analysis can be used to visualize IgG mediated antibody immunity against multiple human coronaviruses. We conclude that the combination of VAMS and the mPlex-Cov assay is well suited to performing remote study sample collection under pandemic conditions to monitor HCoVs antibody responses in population studies. SN - 1664-3224 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/34386006/Antibody_Mediated_Immunity_to_SARS_CoV_2_and_Human_Coronaviruses:_Multiplex_Beads_Assay_and_Volumetric_Absorptive_Microsampling_to_Generate_Immune_Repertoire_Cartography_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -