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Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Toxoplasma gondii detection in fresh vegetables consumed in Marrakech, Morocco.
Afr Health Sci. 2020 Dec; 20(4):1669-1678.AH

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Protozoan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium spp., can be transmitted to humans via accidental consumption of contaminated water, fresh produce and foodstuffs. There is a lack of epidemiological data about these pathogens in Morocco. Hence the aim of this study, which is the determination of their prevalence in some leafy greens and root vegetables sold in Marrakech.

METHODS

A total of 132 vegetable samples including carrot, coriander, lettuce, parsley and radish were purchased monthly from three different markets in Marrakech from March 2017 to January 2018, pre-treated and subjected to microscopic and molecular analyses.

RESULTS

Of the 132 samples of vegetables analyzed by qPCR, the overall rate of protozoan was 21.21% (28/132); 22 samples were found to be contaminated with T. gondii, 6 with G. duodenalis, and none was positive for C. parvum/hominis. Whereas, modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining allowed the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in 3% (4/132) of examined samples.

CONCLUSION

This survey on the presence of protozoan parasites in fresh vegetables revealed that vegetables sold in Marrakech are contaminated by these protozoan parasites, as it showed that leafy green vegetables were more susceptible for parasitic contamination than root ones.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Berrouch S
Laboratory of Food, Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco. Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, ESCAPE EA 7510, SFR CAP SANTE, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, and CHU Reims, Hospital Maison Blanche, National Reference Centre of Toxoplasmosis, Reims, France.
Escotte-Binet S
Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, ESCAPE EA 7510, SFR CAP SANTE, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, and CHU Reims, Hospital Maison Blanche, National Reference Centre of Toxoplasmosis, Reims, France.
Amraouza Y
Laboratory of Food, Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Flori P
Laboratory of Infectious Agents- Parasitology section- GIMAP, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France.
Aubert D
Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, ESCAPE EA 7510, SFR CAP SANTE, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, and CHU Reims, Hospital Maison Blanche, National Reference Centre of Toxoplasmosis, Reims, France.
Villena I
Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, ESCAPE EA 7510, SFR CAP SANTE, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, and CHU Reims, Hospital Maison Blanche, National Reference Centre of Toxoplasmosis, Reims, France.
Hafid J
Laboratory of Food, Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.

MeSH

CryptosporidiumFood ContaminationGiardia lambliaHumansMoroccoReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionToxoplasmaVegetables

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

34394227

Citation

Berrouch, Salma, et al. "Cryptosporidium Spp., Giardia Duodenalis and Toxoplasma Gondii Detection in Fresh Vegetables Consumed in Marrakech, Morocco." African Health Sciences, vol. 20, no. 4, 2020, pp. 1669-1678.
Berrouch S, Escotte-Binet S, Amraouza Y, et al. Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Toxoplasma gondii detection in fresh vegetables consumed in Marrakech, Morocco. Afr Health Sci. 2020;20(4):1669-1678.
Berrouch, S., Escotte-Binet, S., Amraouza, Y., Flori, P., Aubert, D., Villena, I., & Hafid, J. (2020). Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Toxoplasma gondii detection in fresh vegetables consumed in Marrakech, Morocco. African Health Sciences, 20(4), 1669-1678. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i4.19
Berrouch S, et al. Cryptosporidium Spp., Giardia Duodenalis and Toxoplasma Gondii Detection in Fresh Vegetables Consumed in Marrakech, Morocco. Afr Health Sci. 2020;20(4):1669-1678. PubMed PMID: 34394227.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Toxoplasma gondii detection in fresh vegetables consumed in Marrakech, Morocco. AU - Berrouch,Salma, AU - Escotte-Binet,Sandie, AU - Amraouza,Yassine, AU - Flori,Pierre, AU - Aubert,Dominique, AU - Villena,Isabelle, AU - Hafid,Jamaleddine, PY - 2021/8/16/entrez PY - 2021/8/17/pubmed PY - 2022/4/26/medline KW - Fresh vegetables KW - Marrakech KW - protozoan parasites KW - qPCR SP - 1669 EP - 1678 JF - African health sciences JO - Afr Health Sci VL - 20 IS - 4 N2 - BACKGROUND: Protozoan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium spp., can be transmitted to humans via accidental consumption of contaminated water, fresh produce and foodstuffs. There is a lack of epidemiological data about these pathogens in Morocco. Hence the aim of this study, which is the determination of their prevalence in some leafy greens and root vegetables sold in Marrakech. METHODS: A total of 132 vegetable samples including carrot, coriander, lettuce, parsley and radish were purchased monthly from three different markets in Marrakech from March 2017 to January 2018, pre-treated and subjected to microscopic and molecular analyses. RESULTS: Of the 132 samples of vegetables analyzed by qPCR, the overall rate of protozoan was 21.21% (28/132); 22 samples were found to be contaminated with T. gondii, 6 with G. duodenalis, and none was positive for C. parvum/hominis. Whereas, modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining allowed the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in 3% (4/132) of examined samples. CONCLUSION: This survey on the presence of protozoan parasites in fresh vegetables revealed that vegetables sold in Marrakech are contaminated by these protozoan parasites, as it showed that leafy green vegetables were more susceptible for parasitic contamination than root ones. SN - 1729-0503 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/34394227/Cryptosporidium_spp__Giardia_duodenalis_and_Toxoplasma_gondii_detection_in_fresh_vegetables_consumed_in_Marrakech_Morocco_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -