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An overview of SARS-COV-2 epidemiology, mutant variants, vaccines, and management strategies.
J Infect Public Health. 2021 Oct; 14(10):1299-1312.JI

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Over the last two decades, humanity has observed the extraordinary anomaly caused by novel, weird coronavirus strains, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has made its entry into the world, it has dramatically affected life in every domain by continuously producing new variants. The vaccine development is an ongoing process, although some vaccines got marketed. The big challenge is now whether the vaccine candidates can provide long-lasting protection or prevention against mutant variants.

METHODS

The information was gathered from various journals, electronic searches via Internet-based information such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, online electronic journals, WHO landscape, world meters, WHO website, and News.

RESULTS

This review will present and discuss some coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) related aspects including: the pathophysiology, epidemiology, mutant variants vaccine candidates, vaccine efficacy, and management strategies. Due to the high death rate, continuous spread, an inadequate workforce, lack of required therapeutics, and incomplete understanding of the viral strain, it becomes crucial to build the knowledge of its biological characteristics and make available the rapid diagnostic and vital therapeutic machinery for the combat and management of an infection.

CONCLUSION

The data summarizes current research on the COVID 19 infection and therapeutic interventions, which will direct future decision-making on the effort-worthy phases of the COVID 19 and the development of critical therapeutics. The only possible solution is the vaccine development targeting against all variant strains to halt its progress; the identified theoretical and practical knowledge can eliminate the gaps to improve a better understanding of the novel coronavirus structure and its design of a vaccine. In addition, to that the long-lasting protection is another challenging objective that need to be looked into.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Farooqi T
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Malik JA
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Punjab, India.
Mulla AH
Department of Pharmacology, Goa College of Pharmacy, Goa, India.
Al Hagbani T
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Almansour K
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Ubaid MA
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India.
Alghamdi S
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia.
Anwar S
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: si.anwar@uoh.edu.sa.

MeSH

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesHumansSARS-CoV-2Vaccines

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

34429257

Citation

Farooqi, Tahmeena, et al. "An Overview of SARS-COV-2 Epidemiology, Mutant Variants, Vaccines, and Management Strategies." Journal of Infection and Public Health, vol. 14, no. 10, 2021, pp. 1299-1312.
Farooqi T, Malik JA, Mulla AH, et al. An overview of SARS-COV-2 epidemiology, mutant variants, vaccines, and management strategies. J Infect Public Health. 2021;14(10):1299-1312.
Farooqi, T., Malik, J. A., Mulla, A. H., Al Hagbani, T., Almansour, K., Ubaid, M. A., Alghamdi, S., & Anwar, S. (2021). An overview of SARS-COV-2 epidemiology, mutant variants, vaccines, and management strategies. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 14(10), 1299-1312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.08.014
Farooqi T, et al. An Overview of SARS-COV-2 Epidemiology, Mutant Variants, Vaccines, and Management Strategies. J Infect Public Health. 2021;14(10):1299-1312. PubMed PMID: 34429257.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of SARS-COV-2 epidemiology, mutant variants, vaccines, and management strategies. AU - Farooqi,Tahmeena, AU - Malik,Jonaid Ahmad, AU - Mulla,Almas Hanif, AU - Al Hagbani,Turki, AU - Almansour,Khaled, AU - Ubaid,Mohammed Abrar, AU - Alghamdi,Saleh, AU - Anwar,Sirajudheen, Y1 - 2021/08/16/ PY - 2021/05/24/received PY - 2021/08/07/revised PY - 2021/08/10/accepted PY - 2021/8/26/pubmed PY - 2021/10/13/medline PY - 2021/8/25/entrez KW - Epidemiology KW - SARS-COV-2 KW - Vaccine candidates KW - Variant strains KW - WHO landscape SP - 1299 EP - 1312 JF - Journal of infection and public health JO - J Infect Public Health VL - 14 IS - 10 N2 - BACKGROUND: Over the last two decades, humanity has observed the extraordinary anomaly caused by novel, weird coronavirus strains, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has made its entry into the world, it has dramatically affected life in every domain by continuously producing new variants. The vaccine development is an ongoing process, although some vaccines got marketed. The big challenge is now whether the vaccine candidates can provide long-lasting protection or prevention against mutant variants. METHODS: The information was gathered from various journals, electronic searches via Internet-based information such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, online electronic journals, WHO landscape, world meters, WHO website, and News. RESULTS: This review will present and discuss some coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) related aspects including: the pathophysiology, epidemiology, mutant variants vaccine candidates, vaccine efficacy, and management strategies. Due to the high death rate, continuous spread, an inadequate workforce, lack of required therapeutics, and incomplete understanding of the viral strain, it becomes crucial to build the knowledge of its biological characteristics and make available the rapid diagnostic and vital therapeutic machinery for the combat and management of an infection. CONCLUSION: The data summarizes current research on the COVID 19 infection and therapeutic interventions, which will direct future decision-making on the effort-worthy phases of the COVID 19 and the development of critical therapeutics. The only possible solution is the vaccine development targeting against all variant strains to halt its progress; the identified theoretical and practical knowledge can eliminate the gaps to improve a better understanding of the novel coronavirus structure and its design of a vaccine. In addition, to that the long-lasting protection is another challenging objective that need to be looked into. SN - 1876-035X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/34429257/An_overview_of_SARS_COV_2_epidemiology_mutant_variants_vaccines_and_management_strategies_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -