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Influence of hip and knee positions on gluteus maximus and hamstrings contributions to hip extension torque production.
Physiother Theory Pract. 2022 Nov; 38(13):2650-2657.PT

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Diminished gluteus maximus muscle strength has been proposed to be contributory to various lower-limb injuries. As such, it is of clinical importance to perform hip extensor strength testing in a position that biases torque contribution of the gluteus maximus relative to the other hip extensors (i.e. hamstrings).

OBJECTIVES

To determine the relative torque contributions of the gluteus maximus and hamstring muscles in various hip extensor strength testing positions.

METHODS

13 Young, healthy participants performed maximum isometric hip extension on a dynamometer in 4 different positions that varied in terms of hip and knee flexion. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to assess activation of gluteus maximus and hamstrings during the maximum isometric contractions. Normalized EMG data were used as an input to determine individual muscle contribution to hip extension torque production using SIMM modeling software. The gluteus maximus/hamstring torque contribution ratio was compared across the 4 positions using a one-way repeated-measures ANOVA.

RESULTS

The highest gluteus maximus torque contribution value occurred in positions where the hip was flexed to 45°, while the highest hamstring torque contribution occurred in positions in which the knee was fully extended. The gluteus maximus/hamstring torque contribution ratio was highest at 0° of hip extension and 90° of knee flexion.

CONCLUSION

Testing isometric hip extensor strength at 0° of hip extension and 90° of knee flexion should be considered in order to bias torque production of the gluteus maximus relative to the hamstrings.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Liu J
Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Teng HL
Department of Physical Therapy, California State University, Long Beach Ca USA.
Selkowitz DM
Mgh Institute of Health Professions, Department of Physical Therapy, Boston, MA USA.
Asavasopon S
Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Powers CM
Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

MeSH

HumansHamstring MusclesTorqueMuscle, SkeletalKnee JointButtocks

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

34496710

Citation

Liu, Jia, et al. "Influence of Hip and Knee Positions On Gluteus Maximus and Hamstrings Contributions to Hip Extension Torque Production." Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, vol. 38, no. 13, 2022, pp. 2650-2657.
Liu J, Teng HL, Selkowitz DM, et al. Influence of hip and knee positions on gluteus maximus and hamstrings contributions to hip extension torque production. Physiother Theory Pract. 2022;38(13):2650-2657.
Liu, J., Teng, H. L., Selkowitz, D. M., Asavasopon, S., & Powers, C. M. (2022). Influence of hip and knee positions on gluteus maximus and hamstrings contributions to hip extension torque production. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 38(13), 2650-2657. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2021.1975338
Liu J, et al. Influence of Hip and Knee Positions On Gluteus Maximus and Hamstrings Contributions to Hip Extension Torque Production. Physiother Theory Pract. 2022;38(13):2650-2657. PubMed PMID: 34496710.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of hip and knee positions on gluteus maximus and hamstrings contributions to hip extension torque production. AU - Liu,Jia, AU - Teng,Hsiang-Ling, AU - Selkowitz,David M, AU - Asavasopon,Skulpan, AU - Powers,Christopher M, Y1 - 2021/09/08/ PY - 2021/9/10/pubmed PY - 2022/11/23/medline PY - 2021/9/9/entrez KW - EMG KW - emg driven model KW - hip strength testing SP - 2650 EP - 2657 JF - Physiotherapy theory and practice JO - Physiother Theory Pract VL - 38 IS - 13 N2 - BACKGROUND: Diminished gluteus maximus muscle strength has been proposed to be contributory to various lower-limb injuries. As such, it is of clinical importance to perform hip extensor strength testing in a position that biases torque contribution of the gluteus maximus relative to the other hip extensors (i.e. hamstrings). OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative torque contributions of the gluteus maximus and hamstring muscles in various hip extensor strength testing positions. METHODS: 13 Young, healthy participants performed maximum isometric hip extension on a dynamometer in 4 different positions that varied in terms of hip and knee flexion. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to assess activation of gluteus maximus and hamstrings during the maximum isometric contractions. Normalized EMG data were used as an input to determine individual muscle contribution to hip extension torque production using SIMM modeling software. The gluteus maximus/hamstring torque contribution ratio was compared across the 4 positions using a one-way repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS: The highest gluteus maximus torque contribution value occurred in positions where the hip was flexed to 45°, while the highest hamstring torque contribution occurred in positions in which the knee was fully extended. The gluteus maximus/hamstring torque contribution ratio was highest at 0° of hip extension and 90° of knee flexion. CONCLUSION: Testing isometric hip extensor strength at 0° of hip extension and 90° of knee flexion should be considered in order to bias torque production of the gluteus maximus relative to the hamstrings. SN - 1532-5040 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/34496710/Influence_of_hip_and_knee_positions_on_gluteus_maximus_and_hamstrings_contributions_to_hip_extension_torque_production_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -