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In vitro antiviral activity of stabilized chlorine dioxide containing oral care products.
Oral Dis. 2023 Apr; 29(3):1333-1340.OD

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine the in vitro antiviral activity of oral care products containing stabilized chlorine dioxide toward infectious viruses that harbor in the oral cavity. Specfically, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV, human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E, influenza A (H3N2), rhinovirus type 14, adenovirus type 5, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 were examined.

METHODS

Validated in vitro suspension virucidal assays were used. Test product was mixed with the test virus for 30, 60, or 120 s, neutralized with sodium thiosulfate, serially diluted in dilution medium in a 96-well plate and incubated in a carbon dioxide incubator for 7 days. The 50% Tissue Culture Infectious Dose per milliliter was determined.

RESULTS

Two rinses, one oral spray and one fluoride toothpaste showed log reduction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 ranging from 1.81 to 2.98 and of influenza A from 2.58 to 4.13, respectively, within 30 s of contact time; similar results were obtained at 60 s. Further, the Ultra Sensitive rinse showed 0.19, 0.75, 1.58, 1.75, 2.66, and 3.24 log reduction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, human coronavirus 229E, rhinovirus type 14, adenovirus type 5, and herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, respectively, within 30 s of contact time.

CONCLUSION

Stabilized chlorine dioxide containing ClōSYS® oral care products reduced the viral load of multiple viruses within 30 s. The results warrant further investigation for potential in vivo applications.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Shewale JG
Rowpar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
Gelhaus HC
MRIGlobal, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Ratcliff JL
Rowpar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
Hernandez-Kapila YL
Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

MeSH

HumansSARS-CoV-2COVID-19Antiviral AgentsInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

34637557

Citation

Shewale, Jaiprakash G., et al. "In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide Containing Oral Care Products." Oral Diseases, vol. 29, no. 3, 2023, pp. 1333-1340.
Shewale JG, Gelhaus HC, Ratcliff JL, et al. In vitro antiviral activity of stabilized chlorine dioxide containing oral care products. Oral Dis. 2023;29(3):1333-1340.
Shewale, J. G., Gelhaus, H. C., Ratcliff, J. L., & Hernandez-Kapila, Y. L. (2023). In vitro antiviral activity of stabilized chlorine dioxide containing oral care products. Oral Diseases, 29(3), 1333-1340. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.14044
Shewale JG, et al. In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide Containing Oral Care Products. Oral Dis. 2023;29(3):1333-1340. PubMed PMID: 34637557.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro antiviral activity of stabilized chlorine dioxide containing oral care products. AU - Shewale,Jaiprakash G, AU - Gelhaus,H Carl, AU - Ratcliff,James L, AU - Hernandez-Kapila,Yvonne L, Y1 - 2021/10/25/ PY - 2021/08/26/revised PY - 2021/07/27/received PY - 2021/10/07/accepted PY - 2021/10/13/pubmed PY - 2021/10/13/medline PY - 2021/10/12/entrez KW - Coronaviruses KW - Influenza A KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - antiviral KW - oral hygiene KW - stabilized chlorine dioxide SP - 1333 EP - 1340 JF - Oral diseases JO - Oral Dis VL - 29 IS - 3 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro antiviral activity of oral care products containing stabilized chlorine dioxide toward infectious viruses that harbor in the oral cavity. Specfically, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV, human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E, influenza A (H3N2), rhinovirus type 14, adenovirus type 5, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 were examined. METHODS: Validated in vitro suspension virucidal assays were used. Test product was mixed with the test virus for 30, 60, or 120 s, neutralized with sodium thiosulfate, serially diluted in dilution medium in a 96-well plate and incubated in a carbon dioxide incubator for 7 days. The 50% Tissue Culture Infectious Dose per milliliter was determined. RESULTS: Two rinses, one oral spray and one fluoride toothpaste showed log reduction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 ranging from 1.81 to 2.98 and of influenza A from 2.58 to 4.13, respectively, within 30 s of contact time; similar results were obtained at 60 s. Further, the Ultra Sensitive rinse showed 0.19, 0.75, 1.58, 1.75, 2.66, and 3.24 log reduction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, human coronavirus 229E, rhinovirus type 14, adenovirus type 5, and herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, respectively, within 30 s of contact time. CONCLUSION: Stabilized chlorine dioxide containing ClōSYS® oral care products reduced the viral load of multiple viruses within 30 s. The results warrant further investigation for potential in vivo applications. SN - 1601-0825 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/34637557/In_vitro_antiviral_activity_of_stabilized_chlorine_dioxide_containing_oral_care_products_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -