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Antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccines have reduced neutralizing activity against Beta and Omicron pseudoviruses.
Sci Transl Med. 2022 03 02; 14(634):eabn7842.ST

Abstract

Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants that have mutations associated with increased transmission and antibody escape have arisen over the course of the current pandemic. Although the current vaccines have largely been effective against past variants, the number of mutations found on the Omicron (B.1.1.529) spike protein appear to diminish the protection conferred by preexisting immunity. Using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudoparticles expressing the spike protein of several SARS-CoV-2 variants, we evaluated the magnitude and breadth of the neutralizing antibody response over time in individuals after infection and in mRNA-vaccinated individuals. We observed that boosting increases the magnitude of the antibody response to wild-type (D614), Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants; however, the Omicron variant was the most resistant to neutralization. We further observed that vaccinated healthy adults had robust and broad antibody responses, whereas responses may have been reduced in vaccinated pregnant women, underscoring the importance of learning how to maximize mRNA vaccine responses in pregnant populations. Findings from this study show substantial heterogeneity in the magnitude and breadth of responses after infection and mRNA vaccination and may support the addition of more conserved viral antigens to existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Sievers BL
J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Chakraborty S
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Xue Y
J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Gelbart T
J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Gonzalez JC
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cassidy AG
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Golan Y
Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Prahl M
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Gaw SL
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Arunachalam PS
Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Blish CA
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Boyd SD
Departments of Pathology and of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Medicine, Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Davis MM
Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Jagannathan P
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Nadeau KC
Department of Medicine, Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Pulendran B
Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Singh U
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Scheuermann RH
J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Frieman MB
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Pathogen Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Vashee S
J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Wang TT
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Tan GS
J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

MeSH

AdultAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesFemaleHumansPregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusVaccines, SyntheticmRNA Vaccines

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

35025672

Citation

Sievers, Benjamin L., et al. "Antibodies Elicited By SARS-CoV-2 Infection or mRNA Vaccines Have Reduced Neutralizing Activity Against Beta and Omicron Pseudoviruses." Science Translational Medicine, vol. 14, no. 634, 2022, pp. eabn7842.
Sievers BL, Chakraborty S, Xue Y, et al. Antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccines have reduced neutralizing activity against Beta and Omicron pseudoviruses. Sci Transl Med. 2022;14(634):eabn7842.
Sievers, B. L., Chakraborty, S., Xue, Y., Gelbart, T., Gonzalez, J. C., Cassidy, A. G., Golan, Y., Prahl, M., Gaw, S. L., Arunachalam, P. S., Blish, C. A., Boyd, S. D., Davis, M. M., Jagannathan, P., Nadeau, K. C., Pulendran, B., Singh, U., Scheuermann, R. H., Frieman, M. B., ... Tan, G. S. (2022). Antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccines have reduced neutralizing activity against Beta and Omicron pseudoviruses. Science Translational Medicine, 14(634), eabn7842. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abn7842
Sievers BL, et al. Antibodies Elicited By SARS-CoV-2 Infection or mRNA Vaccines Have Reduced Neutralizing Activity Against Beta and Omicron Pseudoviruses. Sci Transl Med. 2022 03 2;14(634):eabn7842. PubMed PMID: 35025672.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccines have reduced neutralizing activity against Beta and Omicron pseudoviruses. AU - Sievers,Benjamin L, AU - Chakraborty,Saborni, AU - Xue,Yong, AU - Gelbart,Terri, AU - Gonzalez,Joseph C, AU - Cassidy,Arianna G, AU - Golan,Yarden, AU - Prahl,Mary, AU - Gaw,Stephanie L, AU - Arunachalam,Prabhu S, AU - Blish,Catherine A, AU - Boyd,Scott D, AU - Davis,Mark M, AU - Jagannathan,Prasanna, AU - Nadeau,Kari C, AU - Pulendran,Bali, AU - Singh,Upinder, AU - Scheuermann,Richard H, AU - Frieman,Matthew B, AU - Vashee,Sanjay, AU - Wang,Taia T, AU - Tan,Gene S, Y1 - 2022/03/02/ PY - 2022/1/14/pubmed PY - 2022/3/11/medline PY - 2022/1/13/entrez SP - eabn7842 EP - eabn7842 JF - Science translational medicine JO - Sci Transl Med VL - 14 IS - 634 N2 - Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants that have mutations associated with increased transmission and antibody escape have arisen over the course of the current pandemic. Although the current vaccines have largely been effective against past variants, the number of mutations found on the Omicron (B.1.1.529) spike protein appear to diminish the protection conferred by preexisting immunity. Using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudoparticles expressing the spike protein of several SARS-CoV-2 variants, we evaluated the magnitude and breadth of the neutralizing antibody response over time in individuals after infection and in mRNA-vaccinated individuals. We observed that boosting increases the magnitude of the antibody response to wild-type (D614), Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants; however, the Omicron variant was the most resistant to neutralization. We further observed that vaccinated healthy adults had robust and broad antibody responses, whereas responses may have been reduced in vaccinated pregnant women, underscoring the importance of learning how to maximize mRNA vaccine responses in pregnant populations. Findings from this study show substantial heterogeneity in the magnitude and breadth of responses after infection and mRNA vaccination and may support the addition of more conserved viral antigens to existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. SN - 1946-6242 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/35025672/Antibodies_elicited_by_SARS_CoV_2_infection_or_mRNA_vaccines_have_reduced_neutralizing_activity_against_Beta_and_Omicron_pseudoviruses_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -