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Conditioned up and down modulations of short latency gamma band oscillations in visual cortex during fear learning in humans.
Sci Rep. 2022 02 16; 12(1):2652.SR

Abstract

Over the course of evolution, the human brain has been shaped to prioritize cues that signal potential danger. Thereby, the brain does not only favor species-specific prepared stimulus sets such as snakes or spiders but can learn associations between new cues and aversive outcomes. One important mechanism to achieve this is associated with learning induced plasticity changes in sensory cortex that optimizes the representation of motivationally relevant sensory stimuli. Animal studies have shown that the modulation of gamma band oscillations predicts plasticity changes in sensory cortices by shifting neurons' responses to fear relevant features as acquired by Pavlovian fear conditioning. Here, we report conditioned gamma band modulations in humans during fear conditioning of orthogonally oriented sine gratings representing fear relevant and irrelevant conditioned cues. Thereby, pairing of a sine grating with an aversive loud noise not only increased short latency (during the first 180 ms) evoked visual gamma band responses, but was also accompanied by strong gamma power reductions for the fear irrelevant control grating. The current findings will be discussed in the light of recent neurobiological models of plasticity changes in sensory cortices and classic learning models such as the Rescorla-Wagner framework.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Santos-Mayo A
Department of Experimental Psychology, Psychology Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
de Echegaray J
Department of Experimental Psychology, Psychology Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Moratti S
Department of Experimental Psychology, Psychology Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. smoratti@ucm.es. Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. smoratti@ucm.es. Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. smoratti@ucm.es.

MeSH

AdultAnimalsConditioning, ClassicalCuesEvoked Potentials, VisualFearFemaleHumansLearningMagnetoencephalographyMaleNeuronal PlasticitySpecies SpecificityVisual CortexYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

35173252

Citation

Santos-Mayo, Alejandro, et al. "Conditioned Up and Down Modulations of Short Latency Gamma Band Oscillations in Visual Cortex During Fear Learning in Humans." Scientific Reports, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, p. 2652.
Santos-Mayo A, de Echegaray J, Moratti S. Conditioned up and down modulations of short latency gamma band oscillations in visual cortex during fear learning in humans. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):2652.
Santos-Mayo, A., de Echegaray, J., & Moratti, S. (2022). Conditioned up and down modulations of short latency gamma band oscillations in visual cortex during fear learning in humans. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 2652. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06596-8
Santos-Mayo A, de Echegaray J, Moratti S. Conditioned Up and Down Modulations of Short Latency Gamma Band Oscillations in Visual Cortex During Fear Learning in Humans. Sci Rep. 2022 02 16;12(1):2652. PubMed PMID: 35173252.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Conditioned up and down modulations of short latency gamma band oscillations in visual cortex during fear learning in humans. AU - Santos-Mayo,Alejandro, AU - de Echegaray,Javier, AU - Moratti,Stephan, Y1 - 2022/02/16/ PY - 2021/06/22/received PY - 2022/01/27/accepted PY - 2022/2/17/entrez PY - 2022/2/18/pubmed PY - 2022/3/15/medline SP - 2652 EP - 2652 JF - Scientific reports JO - Sci Rep VL - 12 IS - 1 N2 - Over the course of evolution, the human brain has been shaped to prioritize cues that signal potential danger. Thereby, the brain does not only favor species-specific prepared stimulus sets such as snakes or spiders but can learn associations between new cues and aversive outcomes. One important mechanism to achieve this is associated with learning induced plasticity changes in sensory cortex that optimizes the representation of motivationally relevant sensory stimuli. Animal studies have shown that the modulation of gamma band oscillations predicts plasticity changes in sensory cortices by shifting neurons' responses to fear relevant features as acquired by Pavlovian fear conditioning. Here, we report conditioned gamma band modulations in humans during fear conditioning of orthogonally oriented sine gratings representing fear relevant and irrelevant conditioned cues. Thereby, pairing of a sine grating with an aversive loud noise not only increased short latency (during the first 180 ms) evoked visual gamma band responses, but was also accompanied by strong gamma power reductions for the fear irrelevant control grating. The current findings will be discussed in the light of recent neurobiological models of plasticity changes in sensory cortices and classic learning models such as the Rescorla-Wagner framework. SN - 2045-2322 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/35173252/Conditioned_up_and_down_modulations_of_short_latency_gamma_band_oscillations_in_visual_cortex_during_fear_learning_in_humans_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -