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Pain sensitivity and perceptual sensitivity are associated with severity of emotional dysregulation in children with ADHD: a cross-sectional analysis using the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire.
Disabil Rehabil. 2023 03; 45(5):848-856.DR

Abstract

PURPOSE

Nearly 50% of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience emotional dysregulation or sensory over-responsiveness; this study examines their association.

METHODS

This cross-sectional analysis (n = 124) used data from the Micronutrients for ADHD in Youth (MADDY) Study, which enrolled children aged 6-12 with ADHD and emotional dysregulation. Sensory responsiveness was assessed using two subscales from the factor-analyzed Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire: Pain Sensitivity and Perceptual Sensitivity. Emotional dysregulation was assessed using the Emotional-Problems and Conduct-Problems subscales from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and a composite score from the Child & Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5. Multivariable linear regression measured the association of pain and perceptual sensitivity with the severity of emotional dysregulation.

RESULTS

In adjusted models, pain sensitivity was positively associated with Emotional Problems (β = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.52, 1.41; p < 0.0001), Conduct Problems (β = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.44, 1.21; p = 0.0001), and CASI-5 composite (β = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.34; p < 0.0001). Perceptual sensitivity was positively associated with Emotional Problems (β = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.35; p = 0.01) but not Conduct Problems (β = 0.27; 95% CI: -0.24, 0.77; p = 0.30) or CASI-5 composite (β = 0.12; 95% CI: -0.01, 0.24; p = 0.07).

CONCLUSION

Pain sensitivity was associated with the severity of emotional dysregulation in this ADHD sample. To better understand possible causal links, longitudinal studies are warranted.Implications for rehabilitationEmotional dysregulation and sensory over-responsiveness are both common in children with ADHD and contribute to added challenges in school and family life.Two types of sensory over-responsiveness, pain sensitivity and perceptual sensitivity, were associated with emotional dysregulation in children with ADHD in our study.Sensory over-responsiveness may be a modifiable treatment target.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Bruton AM
Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Senders A
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Tost G
Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Ast H
Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Robinette LM
Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Leung B
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
Hatsu IE
Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Arnold LE
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Johnstone JM
Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States. Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States.

MeSH

AdolescentHumansChildAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityTemperamentCross-Sectional StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesPain Threshold

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

35271401

Citation

Bruton, Alisha M., et al. "Pain Sensitivity and Perceptual Sensitivity Are Associated With Severity of Emotional Dysregulation in Children With ADHD: a Cross-sectional Analysis Using the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire." Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 45, no. 5, 2023, pp. 848-856.
Bruton AM, Senders A, Tost G, et al. Pain sensitivity and perceptual sensitivity are associated with severity of emotional dysregulation in children with ADHD: a cross-sectional analysis using the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire. Disabil Rehabil. 2023;45(5):848-856.
Bruton, A. M., Senders, A., Tost, G., Ast, H., Robinette, L. M., Leung, B., Hatsu, I. E., Arnold, L. E., & Johnstone, J. M. (2023). Pain sensitivity and perceptual sensitivity are associated with severity of emotional dysregulation in children with ADHD: a cross-sectional analysis using the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire. Disability and Rehabilitation, 45(5), 848-856. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2022.2043946
Bruton AM, et al. Pain Sensitivity and Perceptual Sensitivity Are Associated With Severity of Emotional Dysregulation in Children With ADHD: a Cross-sectional Analysis Using the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire. Disabil Rehabil. 2023;45(5):848-856. PubMed PMID: 35271401.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Pain sensitivity and perceptual sensitivity are associated with severity of emotional dysregulation in children with ADHD: a cross-sectional analysis using the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire. AU - Bruton,Alisha M, AU - Senders,Angela, AU - Tost,Gabriella, AU - Ast,Hayleigh, AU - Robinette,Lisa M, AU - Leung,Brenda, AU - Hatsu,Irene E, AU - Arnold,L Eugene, AU - Johnstone,Jeanette M, Y1 - 2022/03/10/ PY - 2023/05/01/pmc-release PY - 2022/3/11/pubmed PY - 2023/2/15/medline PY - 2022/3/10/entrez KW - ADHD KW - anger KW - attention KW - emotion regulation KW - irritability KW - over-responsiveness KW - pain KW - sensory sensitivity SP - 848 EP - 856 JF - Disability and rehabilitation JO - Disabil Rehabil VL - 45 IS - 5 N2 - PURPOSE: Nearly 50% of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience emotional dysregulation or sensory over-responsiveness; this study examines their association. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis (n = 124) used data from the Micronutrients for ADHD in Youth (MADDY) Study, which enrolled children aged 6-12 with ADHD and emotional dysregulation. Sensory responsiveness was assessed using two subscales from the factor-analyzed Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire: Pain Sensitivity and Perceptual Sensitivity. Emotional dysregulation was assessed using the Emotional-Problems and Conduct-Problems subscales from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and a composite score from the Child & Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5. Multivariable linear regression measured the association of pain and perceptual sensitivity with the severity of emotional dysregulation. RESULTS: In adjusted models, pain sensitivity was positively associated with Emotional Problems (β = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.52, 1.41; p < 0.0001), Conduct Problems (β = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.44, 1.21; p = 0.0001), and CASI-5 composite (β = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.34; p < 0.0001). Perceptual sensitivity was positively associated with Emotional Problems (β = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.35; p = 0.01) but not Conduct Problems (β = 0.27; 95% CI: -0.24, 0.77; p = 0.30) or CASI-5 composite (β = 0.12; 95% CI: -0.01, 0.24; p = 0.07). CONCLUSION: Pain sensitivity was associated with the severity of emotional dysregulation in this ADHD sample. To better understand possible causal links, longitudinal studies are warranted.Implications for rehabilitationEmotional dysregulation and sensory over-responsiveness are both common in children with ADHD and contribute to added challenges in school and family life.Two types of sensory over-responsiveness, pain sensitivity and perceptual sensitivity, were associated with emotional dysregulation in children with ADHD in our study.Sensory over-responsiveness may be a modifiable treatment target. SN - 1464-5165 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/35271401/Pain_sensitivity_and_perceptual_sensitivity_are_associated_with_severity_of_emotional_dysregulation_in_children_with_ADHD:_a_cross_sectional_analysis_using_the_Temperament_in_Middle_Childhood_Questionnaire_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -