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Development of antibody resistance in emerging mutant strains of SARS CoV-2: Impediment for COVID-19 vaccines.
Rev Med Virol. 2022 09; 32(5):e2346.RM

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a highly infectious agent associated with unprecedented morbidity and mortality. A failure to stop growth of COVID-19-linked morbidity rates is caused by SARS-CoV-2 mutations and the emergence of new highly virulent SARS-CoV-2 strains. Several acquired SARS-CoV-2 mutations reflect viral adaptations to host immune defence. Mutations in the virus Spike-protein were associated with the lowered effectiveness of current preventive therapies, including vaccines. Recent in vitro studies detected diminished neutralisation capacity of vaccine-induced antibodies, which are targeted to bind Spike receptor-binding and N-terminal domains in the emerging strains. Lower than expected inhibitory activity of antibodies was reported against viruses with E484K Spike mutation, including B.1.1.7 (UK), P.1 (Brazil), B.1.351 (South African), and new Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) with E484A mutation. The vaccine effectiveness is yet to be examined against new mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2 originating in Europe, Nigeria, Brazil, South Africa, and India. To prevent the loss of anti-viral protection in vivo, often defined as antibody resistance, it is required to target highly conserved viral sequences (including Spike protein) and enhance the potency of antibody cocktails. In this review, we assess the reported mutation-acquiring potential of coronaviruses and compare efficacies of current COVID-19 vaccines against 'parent' and 'mutant' strains of SARS-CoV-2 (Kappa (B.1.617.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529)).

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Beeraka NM
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China. Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation.
Sukocheva OA
Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia.
Lukina E
Discipline of Biology, College of Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia.
Liu J
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China.
Fan R
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China.

MeSH

Antibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesHumansSARS-CoV-2

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

35416390

Citation

Beeraka, Narasimha M., et al. "Development of Antibody Resistance in Emerging Mutant Strains of SARS CoV-2: Impediment for COVID-19 Vaccines." Reviews in Medical Virology, vol. 32, no. 5, 2022, pp. e2346.
Beeraka NM, Sukocheva OA, Lukina E, et al. Development of antibody resistance in emerging mutant strains of SARS CoV-2: Impediment for COVID-19 vaccines. Rev Med Virol. 2022;32(5):e2346.
Beeraka, N. M., Sukocheva, O. A., Lukina, E., Liu, J., & Fan, R. (2022). Development of antibody resistance in emerging mutant strains of SARS CoV-2: Impediment for COVID-19 vaccines. Reviews in Medical Virology, 32(5), e2346. https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2346
Beeraka NM, et al. Development of Antibody Resistance in Emerging Mutant Strains of SARS CoV-2: Impediment for COVID-19 Vaccines. Rev Med Virol. 2022;32(5):e2346. PubMed PMID: 35416390.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Development of antibody resistance in emerging mutant strains of SARS CoV-2: Impediment for COVID-19 vaccines. AU - Beeraka,Narasimha M, AU - Sukocheva,Olga A, AU - Lukina,Elena, AU - Liu,Junqi, AU - Fan,Ruitai, Y1 - 2022/04/13/ PY - 2022/01/28/revised PY - 2021/08/27/received PY - 2022/03/06/accepted PY - 2022/4/14/pubmed PY - 2022/9/14/medline PY - 2022/4/13/entrez KW - COVID-19 KW - SARS-CoV-2 strains KW - antibody resistance KW - mutant variants of concerns KW - vaccine SP - e2346 EP - e2346 JF - Reviews in medical virology JO - Rev Med Virol VL - 32 IS - 5 N2 - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a highly infectious agent associated with unprecedented morbidity and mortality. A failure to stop growth of COVID-19-linked morbidity rates is caused by SARS-CoV-2 mutations and the emergence of new highly virulent SARS-CoV-2 strains. Several acquired SARS-CoV-2 mutations reflect viral adaptations to host immune defence. Mutations in the virus Spike-protein were associated with the lowered effectiveness of current preventive therapies, including vaccines. Recent in vitro studies detected diminished neutralisation capacity of vaccine-induced antibodies, which are targeted to bind Spike receptor-binding and N-terminal domains in the emerging strains. Lower than expected inhibitory activity of antibodies was reported against viruses with E484K Spike mutation, including B.1.1.7 (UK), P.1 (Brazil), B.1.351 (South African), and new Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) with E484A mutation. The vaccine effectiveness is yet to be examined against new mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2 originating in Europe, Nigeria, Brazil, South Africa, and India. To prevent the loss of anti-viral protection in vivo, often defined as antibody resistance, it is required to target highly conserved viral sequences (including Spike protein) and enhance the potency of antibody cocktails. In this review, we assess the reported mutation-acquiring potential of coronaviruses and compare efficacies of current COVID-19 vaccines against 'parent' and 'mutant' strains of SARS-CoV-2 (Kappa (B.1.617.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529)). SN - 1099-1654 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/35416390/Development_of_antibody_resistance_in_emerging_mutant_strains_of_SARS_CoV_2:_Impediment_for_COVID_19_vaccines_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -