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Immunogenicity of convalescent and vaccinated sera against clinical isolates of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants.
Med (N Y). 2022 06 10; 3(6):422-432.e3.M

Abstract

Background

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern (VOC) has evolved multiple mutations within the spike protein, raising concerns of increased antibody evasion. In this study, we assessed the neutralization potential of COVID-19 convalescent sera and sera from vaccinated individuals against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs.

Methods

The neutralizing activity of sera from 65 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine recipients and convalescent individuals against clinical isolates of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Beta, Delta, and Omicron VOCs was assessed using a micro-neutralization assay.

Findings

Convalescent sera from unvaccinated individuals infected by the ancestral virus demonstrated reduced neutralization against Beta and Omicron VOCs. Sera from individuals that received three doses of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines demonstrated reduced neutralization of the Omicron variant relative to ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Sera from individuals that were naturally infected with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and subsequently received two doses of the Pfizer vaccine induced significantly higher neutralizing antibody levels against ancestral virus and all VOCs. Infection alone, either with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 or the Delta variant, was not sufficient to induce high neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron.

Conclusions

In summary, we demonstrate that convalescent and vaccinated sera display varying levels of SARS-CoV-2 VOC neutralization. Data from this study will inform booster vaccination strategies against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.

Funding

This research was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). VIDO receives operational funding from the Government of Saskatchewan through Innovation Saskatchewan and the Ministry of Agriculture and from the Canada Foundation for Innovation through the Major Science Initiatives for its CL3 facility.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Banerjee A
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Lew J
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
Kroeker A
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
Baid K
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
Aftanas P
Shared Hospital Laboratory, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
Nirmalarajah K
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
Maguire F
Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
Kozak R
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
McDonald R
Roy Romanow Provincial Laboratory, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, SK S4S 0A4, Canada.
Lang A
Roy Romanow Provincial Laboratory, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, SK S4S 0A4, Canada. College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
Gerdts V
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Straus SE
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada. Unity Health, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.
Gilbert L
Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
Li AX
Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
Mozafarihashjin M
Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
Walmsley S
University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
Gingras AC
Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Wrana JL
Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Mazzulli T
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
Colwill K
Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
McGeer AJ
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
Mubareka S
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Falzarano D
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.

MeSH

Antibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19HumansImmunization, PassiveMembrane GlycoproteinsNeutralization TestsSARS-CoV-2SaskatchewanSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusViral Envelope ProteinsCOVID-19 Serotherapy

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

35437520

Citation

Banerjee, Arinjay, et al. "Immunogenicity of Convalescent and Vaccinated Sera Against Clinical Isolates of Ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta, Delta, and Omicron Variants." Med (New York, N.Y.), vol. 3, no. 6, 2022, pp. 422-432.e3.
Banerjee A, Lew J, Kroeker A, et al. Immunogenicity of convalescent and vaccinated sera against clinical isolates of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants. Med (N Y). 2022;3(6):422-432.e3.
Banerjee, A., Lew, J., Kroeker, A., Baid, K., Aftanas, P., Nirmalarajah, K., Maguire, F., Kozak, R., McDonald, R., Lang, A., Gerdts, V., Straus, S. E., Gilbert, L., Li, A. X., Mozafarihashjin, M., Walmsley, S., Gingras, A. C., Wrana, J. L., Mazzulli, T., ... Falzarano, D. (2022). Immunogenicity of convalescent and vaccinated sera against clinical isolates of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants. Med (New York, N.Y.), 3(6), 422-e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2022.04.002
Banerjee A, et al. Immunogenicity of Convalescent and Vaccinated Sera Against Clinical Isolates of Ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta, Delta, and Omicron Variants. Med (N Y). 2022 06 10;3(6):422-432.e3. PubMed PMID: 35437520.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Immunogenicity of convalescent and vaccinated sera against clinical isolates of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants. AU - Banerjee,Arinjay, AU - Lew,Jocelyne, AU - Kroeker,Andrea, AU - Baid,Kaushal, AU - Aftanas,Patryk, AU - Nirmalarajah,Kuganya, AU - Maguire,Finlay, AU - Kozak,Robert, AU - McDonald,Ryan, AU - Lang,Amanda, AU - Gerdts,Volker, AU - Straus,Sharon E, AU - Gilbert,Lois, AU - Li,Angel Xinliu, AU - Mozafarihashjin,Mohammad, AU - Walmsley,Sharon, AU - Gingras,Anne-Claude, AU - Wrana,Jeffrey L, AU - Mazzulli,Tony, AU - Colwill,Karen, AU - McGeer,Allison J, AU - Mubareka,Samira, AU - Falzarano,Darryl, Y1 - 2022/04/14/ PY - 2022/02/08/received PY - 2022/03/21/revised PY - 2022/04/06/accepted PY - 2022/4/20/pubmed PY - 2022/6/15/medline PY - 2022/4/19/entrez KW - Delta KW - Omicron KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - convalescent KW - long-term KW - microneutralization KW - neutralization KW - neutralizing antibodies KW - vaccine KW - variants of concern SP - 422 EP - 432.e3 JF - Med (New York, N.Y.) JO - Med (N Y) VL - 3 IS - 6 N2 - Background: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern (VOC) has evolved multiple mutations within the spike protein, raising concerns of increased antibody evasion. In this study, we assessed the neutralization potential of COVID-19 convalescent sera and sera from vaccinated individuals against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs. Methods: The neutralizing activity of sera from 65 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine recipients and convalescent individuals against clinical isolates of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Beta, Delta, and Omicron VOCs was assessed using a micro-neutralization assay. Findings: Convalescent sera from unvaccinated individuals infected by the ancestral virus demonstrated reduced neutralization against Beta and Omicron VOCs. Sera from individuals that received three doses of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines demonstrated reduced neutralization of the Omicron variant relative to ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Sera from individuals that were naturally infected with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and subsequently received two doses of the Pfizer vaccine induced significantly higher neutralizing antibody levels against ancestral virus and all VOCs. Infection alone, either with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 or the Delta variant, was not sufficient to induce high neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron. Conclusions: In summary, we demonstrate that convalescent and vaccinated sera display varying levels of SARS-CoV-2 VOC neutralization. Data from this study will inform booster vaccination strategies against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Funding: This research was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). VIDO receives operational funding from the Government of Saskatchewan through Innovation Saskatchewan and the Ministry of Agriculture and from the Canada Foundation for Innovation through the Major Science Initiatives for its CL3 facility. SN - 2666-6340 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/35437520/Immunogenicity_of_convalescent_and_vaccinated_sera_against_clinical_isolates_of_ancestral_SARS_CoV_2_Beta_Delta_and_Omicron_variants_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -