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Significance of chlorine-dioxide-based oral rinses in preventing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry.
Oral Dis. 2022 Nov; 28 Suppl 2:2481-2491.OD

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This work aims to determine the efficacy of preprocedural oral rinsing with chlorine dioxide solutions to minimize the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission during high-risk dental procedures.

METHODS

The antiviral activity of chlorine-dioxide-based oral rinse (OR) solutions was tested by pre-incubating with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pseudovirus in a dosage-dependent manner before transducing to human embryonic kidney epithelial (HEK293T-ACE2) cells, which stably expresses ACE-2 receptor. Viral entry was determined by measuring luciferase activity using a luminescence microplate reader. In the cell-to-cell fusion assay, effector Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells co-expressing spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and T7 RNA polymerase were pre-incubated with the ORs before co-culturing with the target CHO-K1 cells co-expressing human ACE2 receptor and luciferase gene. The luciferase signal was quantified 24 h after mixing the cells. Surface expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE-2 receptor was confirmed using direct fluorescent imaging and quantitative cell-ELISA. Finally, dosage-dependent cytotoxic effects of ORs were evaluated at two different time points.

RESULTS

A dosage-dependent antiviral effect of the ORs was observed against SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and spike glycoprotein mediated cell-to-cell fusion. This demonstrates that ORs can be useful as a preprocedural step to reduce viral infectivity.

CONCLUSIONS

Chlorine-dioxide-based ORs have a potential benefit for reducing SARS-CoV-2 entry and spread.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Travis BJ
College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Elste J
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Gao F
College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Joo BY
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Cuevas-Nunez M
College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Kohlmeir E
Core Facility, Midwestern University, Illinois, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Tiwari V
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Mitchell JC
College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.

MeSH

AnimalsCricetinaeHumansAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Antiviral AgentsChlorineCHO CellsCOVID-19CricetulusHEK293 CellsMouthwashesSARS-CoV-2Virus Internalization

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

35841377

Citation

Travis, Briana Joy, et al. "Significance of Chlorine-dioxide-based Oral Rinses in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry." Oral Diseases, vol. 28 Suppl 2, 2022, pp. 2481-2491.
Travis BJ, Elste J, Gao F, et al. Significance of chlorine-dioxide-based oral rinses in preventing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. Oral Dis. 2022;28 Suppl 2:2481-2491.
Travis, B. J., Elste, J., Gao, F., Joo, B. Y., Cuevas-Nunez, M., Kohlmeir, E., Tiwari, V., & Mitchell, J. C. (2022). Significance of chlorine-dioxide-based oral rinses in preventing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. Oral Diseases, 28 Suppl 2, 2481-2491. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.14319
Travis BJ, et al. Significance of Chlorine-dioxide-based Oral Rinses in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry. Oral Dis. 2022;28 Suppl 2:2481-2491. PubMed PMID: 35841377.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Significance of chlorine-dioxide-based oral rinses in preventing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. AU - Travis,Briana Joy, AU - Elste,James, AU - Gao,Feng, AU - Joo,Bo Young, AU - Cuevas-Nunez,Maria, AU - Kohlmeir,Ellen, AU - Tiwari,Vaibhav, AU - Mitchell,John C, Y1 - 2022/07/28/ PY - 2022/06/08/revised PY - 2022/01/12/received PY - 2022/07/01/accepted PY - 2022/7/17/pubmed PY - 2022/11/16/medline PY - 2022/7/16/entrez KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - chlorine dioxide KW - preprocedural oral rinses KW - viral entry KW - virus-host cell interactions SP - 2481 EP - 2491 JF - Oral diseases JO - Oral Dis VL - 28 Suppl 2 N2 - OBJECTIVE: This work aims to determine the efficacy of preprocedural oral rinsing with chlorine dioxide solutions to minimize the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission during high-risk dental procedures. METHODS: The antiviral activity of chlorine-dioxide-based oral rinse (OR) solutions was tested by pre-incubating with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pseudovirus in a dosage-dependent manner before transducing to human embryonic kidney epithelial (HEK293T-ACE2) cells, which stably expresses ACE-2 receptor. Viral entry was determined by measuring luciferase activity using a luminescence microplate reader. In the cell-to-cell fusion assay, effector Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells co-expressing spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and T7 RNA polymerase were pre-incubated with the ORs before co-culturing with the target CHO-K1 cells co-expressing human ACE2 receptor and luciferase gene. The luciferase signal was quantified 24 h after mixing the cells. Surface expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE-2 receptor was confirmed using direct fluorescent imaging and quantitative cell-ELISA. Finally, dosage-dependent cytotoxic effects of ORs were evaluated at two different time points. RESULTS: A dosage-dependent antiviral effect of the ORs was observed against SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and spike glycoprotein mediated cell-to-cell fusion. This demonstrates that ORs can be useful as a preprocedural step to reduce viral infectivity. CONCLUSIONS: Chlorine-dioxide-based ORs have a potential benefit for reducing SARS-CoV-2 entry and spread. SN - 1601-0825 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/35841377/Significance_of_chlorine_dioxide_based_oral_rinses_in_preventing_SARS_CoV_2_cell_entry_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -