Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of chromium in the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta).
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Feb 01; 858(Pt 2):159868.ST

Abstract

Chromium emissions led to increased concentrations in soil, where it can affect soil organisms to relevant levels. With the aim of better understanding the effects of Cr throughout time, its toxicokinetics-toxicodynamics (TKTD) were evaluated in the soil model organism Enchytraeus crypticus to assess the development of internal concentrations and consequent toxic effects. To achieve this goal, organisms were exposed in LUFA 2.2 soil spiked with increasing CrCl3 concentrations. During the 21-day exposure period, survival, internal concentrations, and reproduction were evaluated at several time points up to 21 days. Uptake and elimination rate constants were 0.0044 kg soil/kg organism/day and 0.023 per day, respectively. Internal Cr concentrations increased with time, generally reaching equilibrium within 14 days with an estimated LC50inter (based on internal metal concentrations) of 57.7 mg Cr/kg body DW. Internal Cr concentrations were regulated by the organisms up to exposure to 360 mg Cr/kg soil DW, where the elimination rate was highest, but at 546 mg Cr/kg soil DW the animals were no longer able to eliminate Cr, and the internal concentrations were well above the estimated LC50inter. At day 21, exposure to 546 mg Cr/kg soil DW significantly reduced survival by 23 %, while reproduction EC50 was 344 mg Cr/kg soil DW. This study highlights the advantages of using a TKTD approach to understand the development of internal metal concentrations in time and relate it to the phenotypical effects observed. Toxicity is better understood when also taking into account time and not just exposure concentration alone.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Santos FCF
Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Verweij RA
Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
van Gestel CAM
Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Amorim MJB
Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: mjamorim@ua.pt.

MeSH

AnimalsOligochaetaSoilToxicokineticsChromiumSoil PollutantsReproduction

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

36328254

Citation

Santos, Fátima C F., et al. "Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics of Chromium in the Soil Invertebrate Enchytraeus Crypticus (Oligochaeta)." The Science of the Total Environment, vol. 858, no. Pt 2, 2023, p. 159868.
Santos FCF, Verweij RA, van Gestel CAM, et al. Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of chromium in the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta). Sci Total Environ. 2023;858(Pt 2):159868.
Santos, F. C. F., Verweij, R. A., van Gestel, C. A. M., & Amorim, M. J. B. (2023). Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of chromium in the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta). The Science of the Total Environment, 858(Pt 2), 159868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159868
Santos FCF, et al. Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics of Chromium in the Soil Invertebrate Enchytraeus Crypticus (Oligochaeta). Sci Total Environ. 2023 Feb 1;858(Pt 2):159868. PubMed PMID: 36328254.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of chromium in the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta). AU - Santos,Fátima C F, AU - Verweij,Rudo A, AU - van Gestel,Cornelis A M, AU - Amorim,Mónica J B, Y1 - 2022/10/31/ PY - 2022/08/26/received PY - 2022/10/27/revised PY - 2022/10/27/accepted PY - 2022/11/4/pubmed PY - 2022/12/7/medline PY - 2022/11/3/entrez KW - Bioaccumulation KW - LC50(inter) KW - Soil organisms KW - TKTD KW - Toxicity SP - 159868 EP - 159868 JF - The Science of the total environment JO - Sci Total Environ VL - 858 IS - Pt 2 N2 - Chromium emissions led to increased concentrations in soil, where it can affect soil organisms to relevant levels. With the aim of better understanding the effects of Cr throughout time, its toxicokinetics-toxicodynamics (TKTD) were evaluated in the soil model organism Enchytraeus crypticus to assess the development of internal concentrations and consequent toxic effects. To achieve this goal, organisms were exposed in LUFA 2.2 soil spiked with increasing CrCl3 concentrations. During the 21-day exposure period, survival, internal concentrations, and reproduction were evaluated at several time points up to 21 days. Uptake and elimination rate constants were 0.0044 kg soil/kg organism/day and 0.023 per day, respectively. Internal Cr concentrations increased with time, generally reaching equilibrium within 14 days with an estimated LC50inter (based on internal metal concentrations) of 57.7 mg Cr/kg body DW. Internal Cr concentrations were regulated by the organisms up to exposure to 360 mg Cr/kg soil DW, where the elimination rate was highest, but at 546 mg Cr/kg soil DW the animals were no longer able to eliminate Cr, and the internal concentrations were well above the estimated LC50inter. At day 21, exposure to 546 mg Cr/kg soil DW significantly reduced survival by 23 %, while reproduction EC50 was 344 mg Cr/kg soil DW. This study highlights the advantages of using a TKTD approach to understand the development of internal metal concentrations in time and relate it to the phenotypical effects observed. Toxicity is better understood when also taking into account time and not just exposure concentration alone. SN - 1879-1026 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/36328254/Toxicokinetics_and_toxicodynamics_of_chromium_in_the_soil_invertebrate_Enchytraeus_crypticus__Oligochaeta__ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -