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Associations of Dietary Intake with the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity.
J Nutr. 2023 04; 153(4):1178-1188.JN

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Diet, a key component of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management, modulates the intestinal microbiota and its metabolically active byproducts-including SCFA-through fermentation of dietary carbohydrates such as fiber. However, the diet-microbiome relationship remains largely unexplored in longstanding T1D.

OBJECTIVES

We evaluated whether increased carbohydrate intake, including fiber, is associated with increased SCFA-producing gut microbes, SCFA, and intestinal microbial diversity among young adults with longstanding T1D and overweight or obesity.

METHODS

Young adult men and women with T1D for ≥1 y, aged 19-30 y, and BMI of 27.0-39.9 kg/m[2] at baseline provided stool samples at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 mo of a randomized dietary weight loss trial. Diet was assessed by 1-2 24-h recalls. The abundance of SCFA-producing microbes was measured using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. GC-MS measured fecal SCFA (acetate, butyrate, propionate, and total) concentrations. Adjusted and Bonferroni-corrected generalized estimating equations modeled associations of dietary fiber (total, soluble, and pectins) and carbohydrate (available carbohydrate, and fructose) with microbiome-related outcomes. Primary analyses were restricted to data collected before COVID-19 interruptions.

RESULTS

Fiber (total and soluble) and carbohydrates (available and fructose) were positively associated with total SCFA and acetate concentrations (n = 40 participants, 52 visits). Each 10 g/d of total and soluble fiber intake was associated with an additional 8.8 μmol/g (95% CI: 4.5, 12.8 μmol/g; P = 0.006) and 24.0 μmol/g (95% CI: 12.9, 35.1 μmol/g; P = 0.003) of fecal acetate, respectively. Available carbohydrate intake was positively associated with SCFA producers Roseburia and Ruminococcus gnavus. All diet variables except pectin were inversely associated with normalized abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes. Fructose was inversely associated with Akkermansia abundance.

CONCLUSIONS

In young adults with longstanding T1D, fiber and carbohydrate intake were associated positively with fecal SCFA but had variable associations with SCFA-producing gut microbes. Controlled feeding studies should determine whether gut microbes and SCFA can be directly manipulated in T1D.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Igudesman D
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA. Electronic address: daria.igudesman@adventhealth.com.
Crandell JL
Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Corbin KD
AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA.
Hooper J
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Thomas JM
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Bulik CM
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Pence BW
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Pratley RE
AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA.
Kosorok MR
Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Maahs DM
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Carroll IM
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Mayer-Davis EJ
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

MeSH

FemaleHumansMaleYoung AdultAcetatesCOVID-19Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Dietary FiberEatingFatty Acids, VolatileFecesFructoseGastrointestinal MicrobiomeObesityOverweightRNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

36841667

Citation

Igudesman, Daria, et al. "Associations of Dietary Intake With the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity." The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 153, no. 4, 2023, pp. 1178-1188.
Igudesman D, Crandell JL, Corbin KD, et al. Associations of Dietary Intake with the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity. J Nutr. 2023;153(4):1178-1188.
Igudesman, D., Crandell, J. L., Corbin, K. D., Hooper, J., Thomas, J. M., Bulik, C. M., Pence, B. W., Pratley, R. E., Kosorok, M. R., Maahs, D. M., Carroll, I. M., & Mayer-Davis, E. J. (2023). Associations of Dietary Intake with the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity. The Journal of Nutrition, 153(4), 1178-1188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.017
Igudesman D, et al. Associations of Dietary Intake With the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity. J Nutr. 2023;153(4):1178-1188. PubMed PMID: 36841667.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Associations of Dietary Intake with the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity. AU - Igudesman,Daria, AU - Crandell,Jamie L, AU - Corbin,Karen D, AU - Hooper,Julie, AU - Thomas,Joan M, AU - Bulik,Cynthia M, AU - Pence,Brian W, AU - Pratley,Richard E, AU - Kosorok,Michael R, AU - Maahs,David M, AU - Carroll,Ian M, AU - Mayer-Davis,Elizabeth J, Y1 - 2022/12/27/ PY - 2022/08/20/received PY - 2022/11/04/revised PY - 2022/12/21/accepted PY - 2024/12/27/pmc-release PY - 2023/4/18/medline PY - 2023/2/26/pubmed PY - 2023/2/25/entrez KW - fiber KW - gut microbiome KW - obesity KW - short-chain fatty acids KW - type 1 diabetes SP - 1178 EP - 1188 JF - The Journal of nutrition JO - J Nutr VL - 153 IS - 4 N2 - BACKGROUND: Diet, a key component of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management, modulates the intestinal microbiota and its metabolically active byproducts-including SCFA-through fermentation of dietary carbohydrates such as fiber. However, the diet-microbiome relationship remains largely unexplored in longstanding T1D. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated whether increased carbohydrate intake, including fiber, is associated with increased SCFA-producing gut microbes, SCFA, and intestinal microbial diversity among young adults with longstanding T1D and overweight or obesity. METHODS: Young adult men and women with T1D for ≥1 y, aged 19-30 y, and BMI of 27.0-39.9 kg/m[2] at baseline provided stool samples at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 mo of a randomized dietary weight loss trial. Diet was assessed by 1-2 24-h recalls. The abundance of SCFA-producing microbes was measured using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. GC-MS measured fecal SCFA (acetate, butyrate, propionate, and total) concentrations. Adjusted and Bonferroni-corrected generalized estimating equations modeled associations of dietary fiber (total, soluble, and pectins) and carbohydrate (available carbohydrate, and fructose) with microbiome-related outcomes. Primary analyses were restricted to data collected before COVID-19 interruptions. RESULTS: Fiber (total and soluble) and carbohydrates (available and fructose) were positively associated with total SCFA and acetate concentrations (n = 40 participants, 52 visits). Each 10 g/d of total and soluble fiber intake was associated with an additional 8.8 μmol/g (95% CI: 4.5, 12.8 μmol/g; P = 0.006) and 24.0 μmol/g (95% CI: 12.9, 35.1 μmol/g; P = 0.003) of fecal acetate, respectively. Available carbohydrate intake was positively associated with SCFA producers Roseburia and Ruminococcus gnavus. All diet variables except pectin were inversely associated with normalized abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes. Fructose was inversely associated with Akkermansia abundance. CONCLUSIONS: In young adults with longstanding T1D, fiber and carbohydrate intake were associated positively with fecal SCFA but had variable associations with SCFA-producing gut microbes. Controlled feeding studies should determine whether gut microbes and SCFA can be directly manipulated in T1D. SN - 1541-6100 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/36841667/Associations_of_Dietary_Intake_with_the_Intestinal_Microbiota_and_Short_Chain_Fatty_Acids_Among_Young_Adults_with_Type_1_Diabetes_and_Overweight_or_Obesity_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
Grapherence [↓2 ↑82]

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