AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry.Radiology. 2023 05; 307(3):e222239.R
Abstract
Background Scar burden with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI (CMR) predicts arrhythmic events in patients with postinfarction in single-center studies. However, LGE analysis requires experienced human observers, is time consuming, and introduces variability. Purpose To test whether postinfarct scar with LGE CMR can be quantified fully automatically by machines and to compare the ability of LGE CMR scar analyzed by humans and machines to predict arrhythmic events. Materials and Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of the multicenter, multivendor CarDiac MagnEtic Resonance for Primary Prevention Implantable CardioVerter DebrillAtor ThErapy (DERIVATE) registry. Patients with chronic heart failure, echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 50%, and LGE CMR were recruited (from January 2015 through December 2020). In the current study, only patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy were included. Quantification of total, dense, and nondense scars was carried out by two experienced readers or a Ternaus network, trained and tested with LGE images of 515 and 246 patients, respectively. Univariable and multivariable Cox analyses were used to assess patient and cardiac characteristics associated with a major adverse cardiac event (MACE). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to compare model performances. Results In 761 patients (mean age, 65 years ± 11, 671 men), 83 MACEs occurred. With use of the testing group, univariable Cox-analysis found New York Heart Association class, left ventricle volume and/or function parameters (by echocardiography or CMR), guideline criterion (LVEF of ≤35% and New York Heart Association class II or III), and LGE scar analyzed by humans or the machine-learning algorithm as predictors of MACE. Machine-based dense or total scar conferred incremental value over the guideline criterion for the association with MACE (AUC: 0.68 vs 0.63, P = .02 and AUC: 0.67 vs 0.63, P = .01, respectively). Modeling with competing risks yielded for dense and total scar (AUC: 0.67 vs 0.61, P = .01 and AUC: 0.66 vs 0.61, P = .005, respectively). Conclusion In this analysis of the multicenter CarDiac MagnEtic Resonance for Primary Prevention Implantable CardioVerter DebrillAtor ThErapy (DERIVATE) registry, fully automatic machine learning-based late gadolinium enhancement analysis reliably quantifies myocardial scar mass and improves the current prediction model that uses guideline-based risk criteria for implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. ClinicalTrials.gov registration no.: NCT03352648 Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Supplemental material is available for this article.
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From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).From the Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., A.G.P., J.S.); Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UniL, Lausanne, Switzerland (F.G., J.S.); Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (T.J., S.K.); Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.F., D.A., G.P.); Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (L.F.); Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Ill (M.G.R.); U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); Department of Cardiology, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy (R.A., G.D.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.B.); Cardiac Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (G. Camastra); Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy (S. Carigi); Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (N.C.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (G. Casavecchia), Department of Radiology (M.G.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy (S. Censi); Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (G. Cicala); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua, Medical School, Padova, Italy (M.D.L.); Radiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (M.D.R.); Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy (M.F., A.G.); Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy (N.G.); Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy (C.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy (M.L.); Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (J.L.T.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain (J.L.T.); De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (A.M.); Department of Cardiology, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy (C.M.); Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (G.M.); University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.M.); Dipartimento Neuro-Cardiovascolare, Ospedale Ca' Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy (A.N.); Department of Radiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy (A.P.); Radiology Department, Vannini Hospital Rome, Rome, Italy (S.S.); Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (U.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy (A.V.); GyroTools, Winterthur, Switzerland (G. Crelier); and School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK (P.G.M.).
MeSH
Pub Type(s)
Multicenter Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Language
eng
PubMed ID
36943075
Clinical Trial Links
Citation
Ghanbari, Fahime, et al. "AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry." Radiology, vol. 307, no. 3, 2023, pp. e222239.
Ghanbari F, Joyce T, Lorenzoni V, et al. AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry. Radiology. 2023;307(3):e222239.
Ghanbari, F., Joyce, T., Lorenzoni, V., Guaricci, A. I., Pavon, A. G., Fusini, L., Andreini, D., Rabbat, M. G., Aquaro, G. D., Abete, R., Bogaert, J., Camastra, G., Carigi, S., Carrabba, N., Casavecchia, G., Censi, S., Cicala, G., De Cecco, C. N., De Lazzari, M., ... Schwitter, J. (2023). AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry. Radiology, 307(3), e222239. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.222239
Ghanbari F, et al. AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry. Radiology. 2023;307(3):e222239. PubMed PMID: 36943075.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR
T1 - AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry.
AU - Ghanbari,Fahime,
AU - Joyce,Thomas,
AU - Lorenzoni,Valentina,
AU - Guaricci,Andrea I,
AU - Pavon,Anna-Giulia,
AU - Fusini,Laura,
AU - Andreini,Daniele,
AU - Rabbat,Mark G,
AU - Aquaro,Giovanni Donato,
AU - Abete,Raffaele,
AU - Bogaert,Jan,
AU - Camastra,Giovanni,
AU - Carigi,Samuela,
AU - Carrabba,Nazario,
AU - Casavecchia,Grazia,
AU - Censi,Stefano,
AU - Cicala,Gloria,
AU - De Cecco,Carlo N,
AU - De Lazzari,Manuel,
AU - Di Giovine,Gabriella,
AU - Di Roma,Mauro,
AU - Focardi,Marta,
AU - Gaibazzi,Nicola,
AU - Gismondi,Annalaura,
AU - Gravina,Matteo,
AU - Lanzillo,Chiara,
AU - Lombardi,Massimo,
AU - Lozano-Torres,Jordi,
AU - Masi,Ambra,
AU - Moro,Claudio,
AU - Muscogiuri,Giuseppe,
AU - Nese,Alberto,
AU - Pradella,Silvia,
AU - Sbarbati,Stefano,
AU - Schoepf,U Joseph,
AU - Valentini,Adele,
AU - Crelier,Gérard,
AU - Masci,Pier Giorgio,
AU - Pontone,Gianluca,
AU - Kozerke,Sebastian,
AU - Schwitter,Juerg,
Y1 - 2023/03/21/
PY - 2023/4/26/medline
PY - 2023/3/22/pubmed
PY - 2023/3/21/entrez
SP - e222239
EP - e222239
JF - Radiology
JO - Radiology
VL - 307
IS - 3
N2 - Background Scar burden with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI (CMR) predicts arrhythmic events in patients with postinfarction in single-center studies. However, LGE analysis requires experienced human observers, is time consuming, and introduces variability. Purpose To test whether postinfarct scar with LGE CMR can be quantified fully automatically by machines and to compare the ability of LGE CMR scar analyzed by humans and machines to predict arrhythmic events. Materials and Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of the multicenter, multivendor CarDiac MagnEtic Resonance for Primary Prevention Implantable CardioVerter DebrillAtor ThErapy (DERIVATE) registry. Patients with chronic heart failure, echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 50%, and LGE CMR were recruited (from January 2015 through December 2020). In the current study, only patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy were included. Quantification of total, dense, and nondense scars was carried out by two experienced readers or a Ternaus network, trained and tested with LGE images of 515 and 246 patients, respectively. Univariable and multivariable Cox analyses were used to assess patient and cardiac characteristics associated with a major adverse cardiac event (MACE). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to compare model performances. Results In 761 patients (mean age, 65 years ± 11, 671 men), 83 MACEs occurred. With use of the testing group, univariable Cox-analysis found New York Heart Association class, left ventricle volume and/or function parameters (by echocardiography or CMR), guideline criterion (LVEF of ≤35% and New York Heart Association class II or III), and LGE scar analyzed by humans or the machine-learning algorithm as predictors of MACE. Machine-based dense or total scar conferred incremental value over the guideline criterion for the association with MACE (AUC: 0.68 vs 0.63, P = .02 and AUC: 0.67 vs 0.63, P = .01, respectively). Modeling with competing risks yielded for dense and total scar (AUC: 0.67 vs 0.61, P = .01 and AUC: 0.66 vs 0.61, P = .005, respectively). Conclusion In this analysis of the multicenter CarDiac MagnEtic Resonance for Primary Prevention Implantable CardioVerter DebrillAtor ThErapy (DERIVATE) registry, fully automatic machine learning-based late gadolinium enhancement analysis reliably quantifies myocardial scar mass and improves the current prediction model that uses guideline-based risk criteria for implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. ClinicalTrials.gov registration no.: NCT03352648 Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Supplemental material is available for this article.
SN - 1527-1315
UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/36943075/AI_Cardiac_MRI_Scar_Analysis_Aids_Prediction_of_Major_Arrhythmic_Events_in_the_Multicenter_DERIVATE_Registry_
DB - PRIME
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -
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- Prognostic Benefit of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Over Transthoracic Echocardiography for the Assessment of Ischemic and Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients Referred for the Evaluation of Primary Prevention Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy.
- Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Late Gadolinium Enhancement Predicts Sudden Cardiac Death in Coronary Artery Disease.
- Evaluation of the ECG based Selvester scoring method to estimate myocardial scar burden and predict clinical outcome in patients with left bundle branch block, with comparison to late gadolinium enhancement CMR imaging.
- CMR quantification of myocardial scar provides additive prognostic information in nonischemic cardiomyopathy.
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Phenotypes and Long-term Outcomes in Patients With Suspected Cardiac Sarcoidosis.
- Complexity of scar and ventricular arrhythmias in dilated cardiomyopathy of any etiology: Long-term data from the SCARFEAR (Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Predictors of Appropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy Delivery) Registry.
- Prediction of arrhythmic events in ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy patients referred for implantable cardiac defibrillator: evaluation of multiple scar quantification measures for late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging.
- The Extent of Late Gadolinium Enhancement Can Predict Adverse Cardiac Outcomes in Patients with Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy with Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: A Prospective Observational Study.