Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Toxicity interactions of azole fungicide mixtures on Chlorella pyrenoidosa.
Environ Toxicol. 2023 Jul; 38(7):1509-1519.ET

Abstract

It is acknowledged that azole fungicides may release into the environment and pose potential toxic risks. The combined toxicity interactions of azole fungicide mixtures, however, are still not fully understood. The combined toxicities and its toxic interactions of 225 binary mixtures and 126 multi-component mixtures on Chlorella pyrenoidosa were performed in this study. The results demonstrated that the negative logarithm 50% effect concentration (pEC50) of 10 azole fungicides to Chlorella pyrenoidosa at 96 h ranged from 4.23 (triadimefon) to 7.22 (ketoconazole), while the pEC50 values of the 351 mixtures ranged from 3.91 to 7.44. The high toxicities were found for the mixtures containing epoxiconazole. According to the results of the model deviation ratio (MDR) calculated from the concentration addition (MDRCA), 243 out of 351 (69.23%) mixtures presented additive effect at the 10% effect, while the 23.08% and 7.69% of mixtures presented synergistic and antagonistic effects, respectively. At the 30% effect, 47.29%, 29.34%, and 23.36% of mixtures presented additive effects, synergism, and antagonism, respectively. At the 50% effect, 44.16%, 34.76%, and 21.08% of mixtures presented additive effects, synergism, and antagonism, respectively. Thus, the toxicity interactions at low concentration (10% effect) were dominated by additive effect (69.23%), whereas 55.84% of mixtures induced synergism and antagonism at high concentration (50% effect). Climbazole and imazalil were the most frequency of components presented in the additive mixtures. Epoxiconazole was the key component induced the synergistic effects, while clotrimazole was the key component in the antagonistic mixtures.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Huang FL
College of Environment Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.
Liu M
College of Environment Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.
Qin LT
College of Environment Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin, China. Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.
Mo LY
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin, China. Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China. Technical Innovation Center of Mine Geological Environmental Restoration Engineering in Southern Karst Area, Nanjing, China.
Liang YP
College of Environment Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin, China. Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.
Zeng HH
College of Environment Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin, China. Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.
Deng ZG
Hengsheng Water Environment Treatment Co., LTD., Guilin, China.

MeSH

Fungicides, IndustrialAzolesChlorellaEpoxy Compounds

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

36947457

Citation

Huang, Feng-Ling, et al. "Toxicity Interactions of Azole Fungicide Mixtures On Chlorella Pyrenoidosa." Environmental Toxicology, vol. 38, no. 7, 2023, pp. 1509-1519.
Huang FL, Liu M, Qin LT, et al. Toxicity interactions of azole fungicide mixtures on Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Environ Toxicol. 2023;38(7):1509-1519.
Huang, F. L., Liu, M., Qin, L. T., Mo, L. Y., Liang, Y. P., Zeng, H. H., & Deng, Z. G. (2023). Toxicity interactions of azole fungicide mixtures on Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Environmental Toxicology, 38(7), 1509-1519. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.23782
Huang FL, et al. Toxicity Interactions of Azole Fungicide Mixtures On Chlorella Pyrenoidosa. Environ Toxicol. 2023;38(7):1509-1519. PubMed PMID: 36947457.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity interactions of azole fungicide mixtures on Chlorella pyrenoidosa. AU - Huang,Feng-Ling, AU - Liu,Min, AU - Qin,Li-Tang, AU - Mo,Ling-Yun, AU - Liang,Yan-Peng, AU - Zeng,Hong-Hu, AU - Deng,Zhen-Gui, Y1 - 2023/03/22/ PY - 2023/03/02/revised PY - 2022/12/15/received PY - 2023/03/05/accepted PY - 2023/6/21/medline PY - 2023/3/23/pubmed PY - 2023/3/22/entrez KW - Chlorella pyrenoidosa KW - azole fungicide KW - combined toxicity KW - interaction SP - 1509 EP - 1519 JF - Environmental toxicology JO - Environ Toxicol VL - 38 IS - 7 N2 - It is acknowledged that azole fungicides may release into the environment and pose potential toxic risks. The combined toxicity interactions of azole fungicide mixtures, however, are still not fully understood. The combined toxicities and its toxic interactions of 225 binary mixtures and 126 multi-component mixtures on Chlorella pyrenoidosa were performed in this study. The results demonstrated that the negative logarithm 50% effect concentration (pEC50) of 10 azole fungicides to Chlorella pyrenoidosa at 96 h ranged from 4.23 (triadimefon) to 7.22 (ketoconazole), while the pEC50 values of the 351 mixtures ranged from 3.91 to 7.44. The high toxicities were found for the mixtures containing epoxiconazole. According to the results of the model deviation ratio (MDR) calculated from the concentration addition (MDRCA), 243 out of 351 (69.23%) mixtures presented additive effect at the 10% effect, while the 23.08% and 7.69% of mixtures presented synergistic and antagonistic effects, respectively. At the 30% effect, 47.29%, 29.34%, and 23.36% of mixtures presented additive effects, synergism, and antagonism, respectively. At the 50% effect, 44.16%, 34.76%, and 21.08% of mixtures presented additive effects, synergism, and antagonism, respectively. Thus, the toxicity interactions at low concentration (10% effect) were dominated by additive effect (69.23%), whereas 55.84% of mixtures induced synergism and antagonism at high concentration (50% effect). Climbazole and imazalil were the most frequency of components presented in the additive mixtures. Epoxiconazole was the key component induced the synergistic effects, while clotrimazole was the key component in the antagonistic mixtures. SN - 1522-7278 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/36947457/Toxicity_interactions_of_azole_fungicide_mixtures_on_Chlorella_pyrenoidosa_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -