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A comparative study of emergency transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt and esophageal transection in the management of uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage.
Am J Gastroenterol. 1995 Nov; 90(11):1932-7.AJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunts (TIPSS) have been shown to reduce portal hypertension consistently and have recently been reported to arrest active variceal hemorrhage. This retrospective and nonrandomized study compares the results of TIPSS with esophageal transection (ET) and devascularization in patients with uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage admitted to a single center with an interest in variceal bleeding.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Two hundred and sixty cirrhotic patients have been referred with variceal bleeding over the past 7 yr. In 41 patients (15.8%), hemorrhage was uncontrolled despite two treatments with sclerotherapy. Thirty-eight patients were eligible for analysis. Nineteen were considered for ET and 19 for TIPSS. Patients in the two groups were well matched for age, sex, etiology of liver disease, and its severity and complications. They have been followed for 13 patient years (TIPSS-7, longest 20 months; ET-6, longest 23 months). Data for survival and rebleeding were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method on an intention-to-treat basis.

RESULTS

Seven of the 19 were considered unfit for surgery, and 12 underwent esophageal transection and devascularization. TIPSS was undertaken successfully in 17 patients, the Palmaz stent being used in 4 and the Wallstent in 13. Successful TIPSS reduced the mean portal pressure gradient from 22.2 (SE 1.2) to 9.7 (SE 0.7) mm Hg (p < 0.001). Mortality within 30 days of the initial bleed was 42% in the TIPSS group compared with 79% in the ET group (p < 0.05). Rebleeding occurred in 15.6% patients with TIPSS, compared with 26.2% in the ET group. Encephalopathy in the two groups of patients was not significantly different (TIPSS 25% and ET 22%). TIPSS was followed by active infection in 20% compared with 36% after ET.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that the overall mortality in this group of patients is high whatever the type of treatment used. TIPSS can be performed successfully on these patients who are often not suitable for surgery. Mortality rates were significantly lower in patients treated by TIPSS. Compared with ET, TIPSS should be regarded as the preferred mode of treatment for uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Jalan R
Centre for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
John TG
No affiliation info available
Redhead DN
No affiliation info available
Garden OJ
No affiliation info available
Simpson KJ
No affiliation info available
Finlayson ND
No affiliation info available
Hayes PC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Case-Control StudiesEmergenciesEsophageal and Gastric VaricesEsophagusFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGastrointestinal HemorrhageHemostasis, EndoscopicHumansLiver CirrhosisMaleMiddle AgedPortasystemic Shunt, SurgicalRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesSclerotherapyStentsTime Factors

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

7484994

Citation

Jalan, R, et al. "A Comparative Study of Emergency Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent-shunt and Esophageal Transection in the Management of Uncontrolled Variceal Hemorrhage." The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 90, no. 11, 1995, pp. 1932-7.
Jalan R, John TG, Redhead DN, et al. A comparative study of emergency transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt and esophageal transection in the management of uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995;90(11):1932-7.
Jalan, R., John, T. G., Redhead, D. N., Garden, O. J., Simpson, K. J., Finlayson, N. D., & Hayes, P. C. (1995). A comparative study of emergency transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt and esophageal transection in the management of uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 90(11), 1932-7.
Jalan R, et al. A Comparative Study of Emergency Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent-shunt and Esophageal Transection in the Management of Uncontrolled Variceal Hemorrhage. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995;90(11):1932-7. PubMed PMID: 7484994.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative study of emergency transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt and esophageal transection in the management of uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage. AU - Jalan,R, AU - John,T G, AU - Redhead,D N, AU - Garden,O J, AU - Simpson,K J, AU - Finlayson,N D, AU - Hayes,P C, PY - 1995/11/1/pubmed PY - 1995/11/1/medline PY - 1995/11/1/entrez SP - 1932 EP - 7 JF - The American journal of gastroenterology JO - Am J Gastroenterol VL - 90 IS - 11 N2 - OBJECTIVES: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunts (TIPSS) have been shown to reduce portal hypertension consistently and have recently been reported to arrest active variceal hemorrhage. This retrospective and nonrandomized study compares the results of TIPSS with esophageal transection (ET) and devascularization in patients with uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage admitted to a single center with an interest in variceal bleeding. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and sixty cirrhotic patients have been referred with variceal bleeding over the past 7 yr. In 41 patients (15.8%), hemorrhage was uncontrolled despite two treatments with sclerotherapy. Thirty-eight patients were eligible for analysis. Nineteen were considered for ET and 19 for TIPSS. Patients in the two groups were well matched for age, sex, etiology of liver disease, and its severity and complications. They have been followed for 13 patient years (TIPSS-7, longest 20 months; ET-6, longest 23 months). Data for survival and rebleeding were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Seven of the 19 were considered unfit for surgery, and 12 underwent esophageal transection and devascularization. TIPSS was undertaken successfully in 17 patients, the Palmaz stent being used in 4 and the Wallstent in 13. Successful TIPSS reduced the mean portal pressure gradient from 22.2 (SE 1.2) to 9.7 (SE 0.7) mm Hg (p < 0.001). Mortality within 30 days of the initial bleed was 42% in the TIPSS group compared with 79% in the ET group (p < 0.05). Rebleeding occurred in 15.6% patients with TIPSS, compared with 26.2% in the ET group. Encephalopathy in the two groups of patients was not significantly different (TIPSS 25% and ET 22%). TIPSS was followed by active infection in 20% compared with 36% after ET. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the overall mortality in this group of patients is high whatever the type of treatment used. TIPSS can be performed successfully on these patients who are often not suitable for surgery. Mortality rates were significantly lower in patients treated by TIPSS. Compared with ET, TIPSS should be regarded as the preferred mode of treatment for uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. SN - 0002-9270 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/7484994/A_comparative_study_of_emergency_transjugular_intrahepatic_portosystemic_stent_shunt_and_esophageal_transection_in_the_management_of_uncontrolled_variceal_hemorrhage_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -